Objective To investigate the effect of N-acetyl-seryl-aspartyl-lysyl-proline（AcSDKP） on mouse RAW264.7 macrophage cell line.Methods RAW264.7 mouse macrophage cells were cultured in vitro. Cells were divided into five groups，namely the control group （vehicle only），lipopolysaccharides （LPS） group （LPS only），and AcSDKP intervention groups （LPS plus AcSDKP at 1 nmol/L，10 nmol/L and 100 nmol/L）. The mRNA levels of tumor necrosis factor-α （TNF-α），interleukin （IL）-1β，IL-6 and inducible nitric oxide synthase（iNOS） were measured by real-time RT-PCR. The chemotactic motility of RAW264.7 cells was detected by using Transwell assay. Western blot was performed to determine the iNOS，phosphorylated inhibitor of κB protein kinase complex （p-IKK），phosphorylated inhibitor of κB （p-IκB） and phosphorylated P65（p-P65） expression.Results The mRNA levels of TNF-α，IL-1β and IL-6 in LPS group were increased by（41±2.1），（1073±80.8） and（1726±110.2） folds compared with in control group， respectively（P<0.01）；the TNF-α mRNA levels in AcSDKP （1 nmol/L，10 nmol/L and 100 nmol/L） treatment groups were decreased by 8.1% （P>0.05），19.0% （P<0.01） and 39.3% （P<0.01），respectively as compared with in LPS group，IL-1β were decreased by 22.0%，35.8% and 38.2%，respectively，（P<0.01），and IL-6 were decreased by 15.8%，35.7% and 43.3%， respectively （P<0.01）；The migrated cell counts across the chamber membrane in LPS group （136±5.3）/HP were significantly higher than those in control group [（64±5.3），P<0.01]，however，the cell counts in AcSDKP treatment groups [（105±4.8） /HP，（85.3±5.0）/HP and （73.7±5.6）/HP，P<0.05] were significantly lesser than those in LPS group （P<0.05）；The mRNA and protein levels of iNOS were increased by （21±2.5） and （5.9±0.4） folds compared with those in the control group，However，the mRNA levels of iNOS in AcSDKP treatment groups were decreased by 37.8%，23.3% and 33.1%，respectively，and their protein levels were decreased by 27.0% and 40.2%（P<0.01）at the concentration of 10 nmol/L and 100 nmol/L of AcSDKP intervention；Relative levels of p-IKK，p-IκB and p-P65 protein in LPS group were increased by （25.9±4.8），（9.5±0.6） and （2.1±0.2） folds，respectively，as compared with those in control group；After AcSDKP （10 nmol/L） treatment，these protein levels were decreased by 42.5%（P<0.01），17.8%（P<0.05） and 29.7%（P<0.05），respectively，than those in cells treated with LPS alone.Conclusions AcSDKP exhibits a significant inhibitory effect on the proinflammatory profiles induced by LPS in mouse Raw264.7 macrophages in vitro，and this effect may be related to the blockage of the IKK/IκB/NF-κB signaling pathway.

Objective To study the effect of 1，25-dihydroxyvitamin D3[1，25（OH）2D3] on hepatic hypoxia inducible factor（HIF） and myeloid cell triggering receptor-1（TREM-1） expression in rats with liver fibrosis and to investigate the protective effect of 1，25（OH）2D3 in this process.Methods 48 male SD rats were randomly divided into TREM-1 knockout，model，1，25（OH）2D3-intervened and control group. The model was established by 0.5%DMN intraperitoneal injection for 8 weeks，and the rats in TREM-1 gene knockout group had the related gene knockout by using iRNA method. The rats in different groups were given 1，25（OH）2D3 and peanut oil solution or peanut oil solution alone gavage. After 8 weeks，the rats were executed under anesthesia，and liver pathological examination were done by routine HE and Masson staining. The hepatic HIF-1 alpha and TREM-1 protein and their mRNA were detected by immunohistochemical and RT-PCR techniques，respectively.Results At the end of eighth week，the hepatic fibrosis in rats in model group was significantly serious than in the control group，while the fibrotic scores in TREM-1 gene knockout group and 1，25（OH）2D3-intervened group（4.216±0.328，6.301±1.625，respectively） were significantly lower than in the model（14.417±3.019，P＜0.05）；the HIF-1α expression were（146.183±6.913，132.804±6.281，respectively），much lower than in the model（105.226±5.374，P＜0.05）；there was no hepatic TREM-1 expression in TREM-1 gene knockout group，while its expression（127.386±6.021） in 1，25（OH）2D3 group was much lower than in the model（113.093±5.257，P＜0.05）；the hepatic HIF-1α mRNA levels in TREM-1 gene knockout and 1，25（OH）2D3 group（0.813±0.097，0.824±0.101，respectively） were much lower than in the model（1.136±0.142，P＜0.05）；the hepatic TREM-1 mRNA level in 1，25（OH）2D3 group（0.986±0.124） was significantly lower than in the model（1.319±0.343，P＜0.05）.Conclusion TREM-1 participates in the occurrence and development of liver fibrosis，and 1，25（OH）2D3 may play an antifibrotic role by inhibiting the expression of TREM-1 and HIF-1.

Objective To observe the changes of connective tissue growth factor （CTGF），fibronectin （FN），and integrin mRNA levels in a herbal medicine-intervened HSC-T6 cells in vitro.Methods Sera containing Gan-fu-kang，a herbal medicine compound，was prepared from rats. HSC-T6 cells were cultured in vitro，and the HSCs activated by acetaldehyde were incubated with sera containing Gan-fu-kang. RT-PCR was used to detect the mRNA of CTGF，FN，integrin-α5，integrin-β1 and α-smooth muscle actin （α-SMA）. Result The mRNA levels of CTGF，FN，integrin-α5，integrin-β1，and α-SMA in the HSCs stimulated by acetaldehyde were（1.06±0.02），（1.28±0.23），（2.13±0.09）（1.57±0.50） and（2.84±0.14），respectively，significantly higher than those in the control cells [（0.46±0.05），（0.40±0.09），（0.37±0.10），（0.19±0.03） and （0.18±0.03），P＜0.01]，and they were down-regulated after incubated with sera containing Gan-fu-kang [（0.59±0.02），（0.71±0.15），（1.55±0.04），（0.92±0.22） and（1.99±0.10），respectively，P＜0.01].Conclusion The effect of Gan-fu-kang is related to the inhibition of CTGF，FN，integrin α5， integrin-β1 and α-SMA in activated HSCs.

Objective To assess the efficacy and safety of telbivudine in preventing mother-to-infant transmission of hepatitis B virus （HBV） in pregnant women with high HBV DNA load.Methods This study was a randomized controlled trial and eighty pregnant women with high serum load of HBV DNA were randomly divided into the intervention group and the control group，with 40 in each group. Patients in the intervention group received telbivudine 600 mg orally once daily at the 12th week of gestation until 12 weeks after delivery. In the same time，they were also administered with compound glycyrrhizin for liver protection. The patients in the control group only received compound glycyrrhizin. All infants in both groups were vaccinated with hepatitis B immunoglobulin （200 IU） and hepatitis B vaccine （20 μg） immediately after birth. The serum HBV DNA levels in pregnant women in both groups at and 12 weeks after delivery were assayed，and the positive rates of HBsAg and HBV DNA in infants in both groups at birth and 6 months after birth were also determined. In addition，the gestation weeks，length，head circumference，weight，and Apgar scores of all infants were also recorded. Meanwhile，adverse reaction in pregnant women in two groups during the period of taking medicine was observed closely.Results At delivery and 12 weeks after delivery，serum HBV DNA levels were（3.58±0.56） lg copies/ml and （2.98±0.32） lg copies/ml in the intervention group，significant lower than those in the control group[（7.93±0.47） lg copies/ml and（7.46±0.43） lg copies/ml，respectively，P<0.01]；At birth，the positive rates of serum HBsAg and HBV DNA in infants were 5.0% and 2.5% in the intervention group，significant lower than those in the control group[20.0%and 17.5，P<0.05]；In addition，no significant differences were found in neonates between the two groups at birth as respect to gestational age （P=0.64），height（P=0.44），head circumference（P=0.93），body weight（P=0.46） and Apgar scores（P=0.45）.Conclusion Telbivudine can significantly decrease HBV DNA levels in pregnant women with high HBV DNA load，and reduce the infectious rates of HBV infection for newborns without adverse events.

Objective To explore the reliability of serum people end limb homologous protein 2 （Pygo2） levels in diagnosis of liver fibrosis in patients with chronic hepatitis C（CHC）.Methods 90 patients with CHC were enrolled in this study， and they were divided into F0，F1，F2，F3 and F4 hepatic fibrosis according to liver fibrosis scores. Serum Pygo2 levels were tested by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay，and the correlation between serum Pygo2 levels and liver fibrosis staging was performed. With liver biopsy as the gold standard of diagnosis，the ROC curves were delineated and the area under the curves（AUC） was calculated to evaluate the diagnostic efficacy for liver fibrosis.Results Out of 90 patients with CHC，the histopathological examination found F0 in 6 cases （6.7%），F1 in 13 （14.4%），F2 in 26（28.9%），F3 in 35 （38.9%） and F4 in 10（11.1%）；Serum Pygo2 levels in F2 group was higher than that in F1 [（70.1±19.8） ng/ml vs. （55.9±20.4） ng/ml，P＜0.05]，serum Pygo2 levels [（100.1±24.6） ng/ml] in F3 was significantly higher than that in F2（P＜0.001），and serum Pygo2 levels in F4 [（145.6±45.7） ng/ml] was much higher than in F3 （P＜0.01）；There were a statistically positive correlation between serum Pygo2 levels and hepatic fibrosis staging（r=0.704，P＜0.01）；assuming serum Pygo2 levels ≥69.1 ng/mL，≥83.9 ng/mL and ≥109.60ng/mL as the cut-off-value for diagnosis of obvious（F≥2） and severe liver fibrosis （F≥3） or liver cirrosis （F=4），the AUC of ROC curves were 0.8824 （95% CI:0.806～0.959），0.9004 （95% CI:0.836～0.964） and 0.8834 （95% CI:0.768～0.999），respectively.Conclusion Serum Pygo2 level could be used to diagnose liver fibrosis in patients with CHC， which warrants further study.

Objective To explore the changes of estimated glomerular filtration rates（eGFR） in healthy check-up adults with nonalcoholic fatty liver diseases（NAFLD）.Methods Six hundred individuals underwent routine check-up，and 292 without history of alcohol consumption，liver diseases and kidney diseases were enrolled in this study. Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease was diagnosed by B-mode ultrasound. Controlled attenuation parameter（CAP） was measured by FibroScan and blood biochemistry tests were routinely assayed. The eGFR was calculated.Results A total of 154 patients（52.7%） were found to have NAFLD out of 292 participants. The body mass index，waist circumference，blood haemoglobin，alanine aminotransferase，aspartate aminotransferase，gamma-glutamyltransferase，urea acid，and triglyceride were significantly increased in the NAFLD group as compared to 138 controls without NAFLD；eGFR in the NAFLD group was significantly lower than that in the control group [（107.95±35.38 mL.min-1. per 1.73 m2 vs. 122.95 66.19 mL.min-1. per 1.73 m2，P<0.05]；The eGFR was negatively correlated with CAP （r=-0.137，P=0.137），and the eGFR was decreased sharply with increased CAP value in this 292 check-up individuals；There was no significant difference as respect to gender，age，blood urea nitrogen， serum creatinine levels between groups of NAFLD and control；The multivariate Logistic regression analysis showed that gender，age，serum creatinine levels and CAP were independent factors for renal damage in patients with NAFLD.Conclusion The findings in our study suggest that mild renal function reduction presenting with decreased eGFR exists in patients with NAFLD. Therefore，prevention of chronic kidney disease is necessary in patients with NAFLD.

Objective To compare the technical and clinical efficacy of bare metal stent（BMS） and polytetrafluoroethylene（PTFE）-stentgraft of transjugular intrahepatic portosystemic shunt（TIPSS） in treatment of patients with portal hypertension（PH）.Methods 163 patients（56±12 ys，32.9 % females） with PH receiving TIPSS were recuited in this study，and 80 patients received BMS and 83 received PTFE-stentgraft.Results The technical success rate was 97.5% due to four unsuccessful interventions. The portosystemic gradient decreased from （16.1±4.8） mmHg to（5.1±2.1） mmHg in the successful series. There was no significant differences as respect to technical success rate and portosystemic gradient decrease between the two groups；Kaplan-Meier analysis yielded significant differences in primary patency after 14 days，6 months and 2 years thereafter in favour of the stentgraft；Both groups showed good clinical results without significant difference in 1-year survival and hepatic encephalopathy occurrence；Costs to establish TIPSS and maintain 2-year follow-up for constant patency were 66570 yuan in BMS group and 70455 yuan in PTFE-stentgraft.Conclusion TIPSS is a safe and effective procedure to manage portal hypertension. Both BMS stent and PTFE-stentgraft enable good technical and clinical outcomes with low complication rate，while the primary patency rate is clearly in favour of the stentgraft with a relative high costs.

Objective To evaluate the predictive value of complications by Fibrotouch combined with FIB-4 index in patients with liver cirrhosis.Methods Between June 2015 and February 2016， the patients with liver cirrhosis in our hospital were recruited in this study. Fibrotouch was applied to detect the liver stiffness measurement（LSM），and FIB-4 index was calculated. The differences in LSM and FIB-4 index among patients with different Child-Pugh class，patients with compensated or decompensated cirrhosis and patients with single complications or multiple complications were analyzed. Logistic analysis was used to predict the risk for occurrence of complications，and receiver operating characteristic curves were used to evaluate its predictive value.Results The LSM in patients with Child-Pugh class A was （17.09±7.15） kPa，significantly lower than that in with Child-Pugh class B [（27.37±5.83）kPa，P＜0.01] or that in with Child-Pugh class C[（34.26±9.10） kPa，P＜0.01]；the FIB-4 index in patients with Child-Pugh class A was（3.69±2.66），significantly lower than that in with Child-Pugh class B[（6.67±4.30），P＜0.01] or that in with Child-Pugh class C[（8.49±4.69），P＜0.01]；The LSM in compensated cirrhosis patients was（17.14±7.27）kPa，significantly lower than that in the decompensated cirrhosis patients [（29.11±7.79）kPa，P＜0.01]；the FIB-4 index in compensated cirrhosis patients was （3.66±2.70），significantly lower than that in the decompensated cirrhosis patients[（7.14±4.44），P＜0.01]；The LSM in patients with single complication was（26.98±6.03）kPa，significantly lower than that in with multiple complications [（34.95±9.12）kPa，P＜0.01]；the FIB-4 index in single complication patients was （6.56±4.22），significantly lower than that in multiple complications patients[（8.74±4.72），P＜0.01]；The AUC of Fibrotouch combined with FIB-4 index to predict complications in patients with liver cirrhosis was 0.903，significantly higher than that by FIB-4 index alone（0.765，P＜0.01）.Conclusion Fibrotouch combined with FIB-4 index can improve the predictive value of complications in patients with liver cirrhosis，which is worthy of clinical application.

Objective To study the effect of early application of low molecular weight heparin on the formation of portal vein thrombosis（PVST） in patients with liver cirrhosis after laparoscopic splenectomy and esophagogastric devascularization（LSED）.Methods 112 patients with liver cirrhosis and portal hypertension （PHT） were admitted to our hospital from March 2014 to June 2015. All patients were treated with LSED. The patients were divided into two groups according to the order of admission，with 56 in each group. Among them，56 patients were treated as control group，and 56 patients were treated with low molecular weight heparin as the observation group. The two groups of patients were followed-up for two weeks. Serum liver function tests， portal vein blood flow，blood coagulation function，PVST occurrence and complications were observed in the two groups.Results Before and after treatment，serum TBIL，ALB and INR levels in the two groups were not significantly different（P>0.05）；Before treatment，there was no significant difference in the maximum blood flow velocity，mean blood flow velocity and portal vein diameters between the two groups （P>0.05）；After treatment，the maximum blood flow velocity，mean blood flow velocity and portal vein diameter in the observation group were （20.83±1.15）cm/s，（15.12±1.19） cm/s，and （15.86±3.12） mm，much higher than （14.36±0.74） cm/s，（10.28±0.71） cm/s，and （14.27±2.96）mm，respectively，in the control group （P<0.05）；after treatment the APTT，Pt，FIB and TT in the observation group were（25.72±3.64） s，（14.96 ±2.26） s，（3.51±0.86） g/L，and （20.11±3.65） s，much longer than those in the control group，[（23.37±3.52） s，（13.87±2.14） s，（2.62±0.73） g/L，and（18.14±3.23） s，respectively，all P<0.05]；The incidences of PVST in the observation group and in the control group were 7.14% and 42.86%，respectively，and the difference was significantly （P<0.05）；the incidence of other complications in the observation group and in the control group were not significantly different （P>0.05）.Conclusion Early application of low molecular weight heparin for the prevention of PVST after LSED postoperatively has a good effect， which might effectively improve the coagulation function and safe in clinical practice.

Objective To analyze serum biochemical indexes of patients with alcoholic cirrhosis （AC） with or without ascites.Methods A total of 103 patients with AC were chosen in our hospital between January 2012 and September 2016. There were 33 patients without，and 70 with ascites. The clinical datas of demographics，coagulation function，liver function，routine blood tests，and tumor markers were collected，and analyzed by Student’s t or Mann-Whitney U tests. Result The majority of patients with AC were man with the peak of incidence in the age from 40 to 60 years old. serum levels of PT-S，APTT，TT，INR and D-h in AC patients without ascites were（17.5±3.5） s，（33.3±4.6） s，（17.0±1.9） s，（1.3±0.3） and（749.8±1246.9） μg/L，respectively，much lower than those in with ascites [（22.3±7.2） s，（39.2±10.5） s，（19.1±4.7） s，（1.7±0.7） and （1330.4±1402.4） μg/L，respectively，P<0.05]；serum levels of ALB and blood RBC and HGB in AC patients without ascites were （35.1±5.2） g/L，（3.6±0.9）×1012/L and （120.7±30.0） g/L，respectively，much higher than those in with ascites [（30.6±6.2） g/L，（3.0±0.8）×1012/L and（101.7±30.1） g/L，respectively，P<0.05]；serum levels of CA125 in AC patients without ascites was （93.4±128.4） U/ml， much lower than that in ascites group [（468.1±498.4） U/ml， P<0.05].Conclusion There might exist differences between serum and blood parameters in patients with AC with and without ascites，which warrants surveillance of them in evaluating disease severity.

Objective To investigate the changes of serum biochemical indexes and its impact on perinatal prognosis neonates in mothers with intrahepatic cholestasis of pregnancy（ICP）.Methods A total 102 women with ICP were recruited in Maternal and Child Health Care Hospital between January 2013 and January 2015 in this study，and the clinical materials were retrospectively analyzed. The patients were divided into mild （n=75） and severe ICP group （n=27） according to the levels of total bile acids （TBA） and cholyglycine （CG），and they were also divided into early-onset （n=23，onset less than 28 gestational weeks） and late-onset ICP group （n=79，onset longer than 28 gestational weeks） according to the onset of ICP. 50 normal pregnant women in the same period were enrolled as controls. The levels of maternal serum TBA，CG and liver function index [aspartate aminotransferase （AST），alanine aminotransferase （ALT），total bilirubin （TBIL），gamma-glutamyl transferase （GGT）] were compared among the mild，severe and control group. The relationship between onset of ICP and severity of the disease was analyzed and the perinatal outcome were assessed.Results Serum levels of TBA，AST，ALT，TBIL and GGT of mothers in mild and severe ICP group were significantly higher than those of mothers in control group （t=6.06～29.13，P<0.01），and the above index in severe ICP group were significantly higher than those of mothers in mild ICP group （t=2.23～18.87，P<0.01）； The incidence rate of severe ICP in mothers of early-onset group was 47.8%，significantly higher than 20.3% of mothers in late onset group（x2=6.96，P<0.01），and the onset time of ICP was closely related to the severity of the disease；Compared with mothers in control group，the pregnant weeks，birth weight，1 min Apgar score were significantly reduced（t=2.63～10.52，P<0.01） and the postpartum hemorrhage amounts were significantly increased（t=7.43，t=10.22，P<0.01） of mothers in mild ICP group and severe ICP group；The pregnant weeks，birth weight，1 min Apgar score in severe ICP group[（36.2±1.7） w，（2876±115） g and （7.86±0.60）] were significantly lower than those of mothers in mild ICP group [（37.5±1.6） w，（3040±135） g and （9.02±0.58），t=3.56～8.83，P<0.01]；The amniotic fluid pollution rate was 25.3% in mothers with mild ICP，much higher than 10.0% （x2=6.96，P<0.01） in mothers in control group，the preterm labor，amniotic fluid pollution，fetal distress，cesarean section and neonatal mortality rates（37.0%，40.7%，29.6%，63.0% and 14.4%） in mothers in severe ICP group were significantly higher than those（6.0%，10.0%，6.0%，16.0% and 0.0%，x2=5.09～17.64，P<0.05 or P<0.01） in control group；The rates of preterm labor，fetal distress and cesarean section（37.0%，29.6% and 63.0%） in mothers in severe ICP group were significantly higher than those（16.0%，12.0% and 26.7%，x2=4.44～11.31，P<0.05 or P<0.01） in mothers in mild ICP group.Conclusions The onset of ICP，levels of maternal TBA，CGA and liver function are related to the severity of ICP，and ICP increases the risk of perinatal birth and affects the growth and development of infants.

Objective To investigate the clinical efficacy of cytokine-induced killer cells （CIK） combined with transcatheter arterial chemoembolization （TACE） for the treatment of patients with primary liver cancer （PLC）. Methods A total of 60 patients with PLC were enrolled in our hospital between January 2012 and December 2013. The patients were divided into two groups，and 30 patients were treated with TACE plus CIK，and another 30 were treated with TACE alone. The CIKs was obtained from autonomous peripheral blood or from healthy umbilical cord blood，and the cell suspensions were given 10 to 15 days after TACE with 1.0×109 cells each， once a day or once two days for three times. Results Serum fetoprotein level was（87.27±29.45） ng/ml in combination group six months after treatment，significantly lower than（158.78±99.09） ng/ml in TACE group（P＜0.05）；the tumor size was（4.37±1.78）cm in combination group，much smaller than [（5.48±1.61）cm，P＜0.05] in TACE group；the 2 a survival rate in combination group was 53.3%，much higher than 33.3% in TACE group （P＜0.05）. Conclusion CIKs treatment after TACE is an alternative approaches for patients with advanced liver cancer， which might prolong patients’ survival.

Objective To explore the clinical efficacy of transcatheter arterial chemoembolization （TACE） combined with three-dimensional conformal radiation therapy（3D-CRT） in the treatment of patients with massive primary liver cancer（PLC）.Methods From January 2009 to January 2015，147 unresectable massive PLC（tumor size≥10 cm） patients in our hospital were divided into TACE plus 3D-CRT group （n=63） and TACE group（n=84） according to different treatment methods. Curative effects in the two groups were compared，and the adverse reaction during treatment period were recorded.Results The effective rate was 65.1% in the TACE plus 3D-CRT group，significantly higher than 40.5% in the TACE group （P＜0.05）；The 6-month，1-year and 2-year survival rates were 84.1%，55.6% and 27.0%，respectively，in the TACE plus 3D-CRT group，and 59.5% （P＜0.05），38.1% （P＜0.05） and 19.1% （P>0.05），respectively， in the TACE group；The adverse reactions in the two groups were not significantly different.Conclusion TACE combined with 3D-CRT therapy for unresectable massive PLC has good clinical efficacy.

Objective To investigate the evaluation of tumor recurrence in patients with primary liver cancer after TACE by ultasonography，spiral CT and MRI.Methods An retrospective study of clinical data in 45 patients with PLC was conducted in this study. All patients were checked-up by DSA，ultasonography，spiral CT，and MRI after TACE. The DSA result was acted as the gold standard to compare the diagnostic efficacies of other three imaging examination.Results In displaying small lesions less than 5 cm，the sensitivity and specificity of MRI （Se=92.3％，Sp=88.5％） and ultasonography （Se=89.4％，Sp=84.6％） were higher than those by spiral CT（Se=88.7％，Sp=80.8％，respectively），the difference were statistically significant （P<0.05）；In displaying large lesions greater than 5 cm，the differences of diagnostic values among the three imaging examinations had no statistical difference（P＞0.05）；In finding the blood supply of the neoplasmas，the three imaging examination had no statistical difference（P>0.05）；In showing portal venous tumor emboli foramtion，the 92.2％ accuracy of spiral CT was higher than 90.8％ by MR，or 90.5％ by ultasonography，and the differences were statistically significant（P<0.05）；In displaying the lesions strengthening，the specificity（95％） of ultasonography and 96.4％ of MRI were superior to 93.7％ of spiral CT.Conclusion Ultrasound examination might be an alternative approaches to evaluate the recurrence of tumors in patients with PLC after TACE.

Objective To investigate the factors influencing postoperative recurrence in patients with primary liver cancer （PLC） after hepatectomy.Methods 163 patients with PLC were recruited in our hospital between June 2012 and June 2014， and they had hepatectomy and followed-up for two years. The clinical materials were retrospectively analyzed and the factors related to the recurrence of cancer after operation were evaluated by using multivariate Logistic regression analysis.Results Out of 163 patients with PLC，51 had，and 112 had not recurrence of tumor in two year follow-up period；the recurrent patients had higher percentage of underlying liver cirrhosis（80.39%），incomplete envelope of tumor （96.08%）， differentiated grade III and IV tumor cells （15.69%），multiple foci tumors（49.02%） and multiple-node fusion tumors （64.71%） than in non-recurrent patients （P<0.01）；multivariate Logistic regression analysis showed that liver cirrhosis，incomplete envelope，degree of differentiation，multiple foci and huge mass were independent risk factors for tumor recurrence after hepatectomy（P<0.05）.Conclusion HCC recurrence after resection is caused by many factors，including tumor size，liver cirrhosis，capsule integrity，differentiation degree of hepatocellular carcinoma，and multiple tumors，which might hint the risk of recurrence in patients with PLC after hepatectomy.

Objective To analyzed the peripheral blood IL-6 174C / G genotype and allele frequencies for the investigation of the peripheral blood IL-6 gene polymorphism in patients with type 1 diabetes mellitus （T1DM） complicated by chronic cholecystitis.Methods 110 patients with T1DM complicated by chronic cholecystitis and 120 healthy individuals were included in this study. Polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism （PCR-RFLP） was applied to the genetic polymorphism detection，and the genotype and allele frequencies were calculated. The clinical data and blood biochemistry index were obtained by questionnaires and routine detection. SPSS 17.0 statistical package was used for statistical analysis.Results The age and gender in the two groups were comparable，and the body mass index（BMI） in patients with T1DM complicated by chronic cholecystitis was （28.15±3.98） kg/m2，much higher than （26.86±6.52） kg/m2 in the controls（P<0.05）；the prevalence of blood hypertension in patients with T1DM complicated by chronic cholecystitis was 59.09%，much higher than 32.50% in the control group（P<0.01）；family history of diabetes in the former accounted for 54.55%，much higher than 10.83% in the controls（P<0.01）；the smoking（13.64%） and alcohol consumption（19.09%） in patients with T1DM complicated by chronic cholecystitis were much higher than 11.67% and 8.33%（P＜0.01） in the control；the peripheral blood IL-6 174C/G gene CC genotype in patients was 40.91%，much higher than 28.33%（P＜0.05），while GG genotype was 7.27%，much lower than 19.17% in the control （P＜0.05） and C allele frequencies was 52.73%，much higher than 15.00% in the control（P＜0.01）；the univariate analysis showed that carrying IL-6 174 C allele 【（OR=1.357（1.037～1.776），P＜0.05】，hypertension【OR=1.324（1.187～1.476），P＜0.01】，obesity 【OR=1.165（1.087～1.249） and alcohol consumption [OR=1.113（1.046～1.184），P＜0.01] were the risk factors for patients with T1DM having chronic cholecystitis；the multivariate Logistic analysis showed that carrying IL-6 174 C allele 【OR=1.258（1.119～1.413）】，hypertension【1.225（1.032～1.454）】，obesity 【1.167（1.056～1.289），P＜0.01】 and alcohol consumption 【1.111（1.006～1.228），P＜0.05】 were the independent factors for patients with TIDM having chronic cholecystitis.Conclusion IL-6-174 C/G polymorphism is correlated with the susceptibility of chronic cholecystitis in patients with T1DM.

Objective To observe the changes of new type of bile duct stent with Mg-Nd-zinc-Zr magnesium alloy material immersed in bile in vitro.Methods 3 magnesium alloy slices coated with magnesium fluoride and polylactic acid and 3 uncoated magnesium alloy slices were prepared，and they were immersed into bile perfusion system in vitro. The human bile was disinfected by 60Co irradiation. The bile was replaced every 12 hours，and the slices were taken out to measure their quatity，appearance，and weightless.Results At day 45 of immerse，the surface of uncoated slices had attached green bile，and the surface corrosion was obvious and etched surfaces were uneven，while the surface of coated magnesium alloy slices attached a small amount of bile，less surface corrosion and etched surface relatively uniform；At day 7 of immerse，the percentage of mass loss in coated and uncoated slices were （0.392±0.164） % and （0.357±0.215） % （P>0.05），while at day of 14，the percentage of mass loss in the two slices were （0.833±0.207） % and （1.915±0.587） %，respectively （P<0.05）；At day 91，the mass loss in coated magnesium alloy slices was significantly less than in the uncoated magnesium alloy slices （P<0.05）；the peak of mass loss in the two slices were at week 3 to 4，and the mass stabilized thereafter；the corrosion rates at day 7 between the two slices were （0.179±0.077） % and （0.357±0.215） % （P>0.05），while at day 14，they were （0.190±0.051） % and （0.469±0.146） %，respectively （P<0.05）；the peak of corrosion rate in the two slices was week 4，and the corrosion rate decreased after week 5.Conclusion The magnesium alloy bile duct stent coated with magnesium fluoride and polylactic acid can maintain its stability in the circumstance of bile，which might meet the requirements of clinical practice.

Objective To investigate the risk factors of common complications occurrence in patients with malignant and benign hepatic disease after laparoscopic hepatectomy.Methods 131 patients with malignant and benign hepatic disease receiving laparoscopic hepatectomy between January 2011 and December 2014 were recruited in this study. The patients were classified according to gender，age，ASA classification，Child-Pugh class， body mass index （BMI），alpha-fetoprotein（AFP），albumin（ALB），tumor size，blood loss，blood transfusion， abdominal surgery history，laparotomy and surgery time to analyze the risk factors by univariate analysis and by multivariate Logistic analysis.Results Out of 131 patients，30（22.9%） had complications after laparoscopic hepatectomy，including pneumonia in 12 （9.2%），bile leakage in 5（3.8%），ascites in 6（4.6%），pleural effusion in 4（3.1%），gas embolism in 2（1.5%）and shock in 1（0.8%）；The univariate analysis showed that the complications occurrence rate in patients younger than 60 years，ASA classification grade Ⅱ，Child-Pugh class A，lower AFP levels，less bleeding，without laparotomy and shorter operative time were lower than in their opposite partners，and the differences were all significant （P<0.05）；Multivariate Logistic regression analysis showed that age，Child-Pugh class， amount of bleeding，laparotomy and surgical time were independent risk factors for complications occurrence in patients after laparoscopic hepatectomy.Conclusion It must be emphasized that the age，Child-Pugh class，bleeding，laparotomy and surgical time should be taken into consideration to prevent common complications occurrence in patients with hepatic tumors after laparoscopic hepatectomy.

Objective To investigate the preoperative anxiety and depression in patients underwent orthotopic liver transplantation（OLT） and analysis the influencing factors.Methods 72 patients underwent OLT and 72 healthy adult persons were recruited in this study between May 2011 and April 2016，and the population characteristics，anxiety and depression emotions were investigated by cross-sectional survey and convenient sampling method. The influencing factors were analyzed by Logistic regression analysis.Results The scores of anxiety and depression in patients underwent OLT were（46.40±5.30） and（48.25±4.14），and the incidence of anxiety and depression were 30.6% and 43.1%，respectively，significantly higher than those（29.45±6.34），（28.13±5.42），5.6 % and 8.3%，in the control（P<0.05）. Binary Logistic stepwise regression analysis showed that the age，education，family month income and marital status were the major independent risk factors for preoperative anxiety and depression in patients underwent OLT（P<0.05）.Conclusion The preoperative anxiety and depression in patients underwent OLT are common，and the major independent risk factors are multiple. We need actively carry out symptomatic nursing intervention.

Liver injury generally refers to reversible or irreversible damage to the liver cells caused by a kinds of factors. Its clinical manifesation and pathological changes are very complicated. Accurate and reliable biomarkers of liver injuries will offer help for the prevention，diagnosis and therapy for this entity. In clinical practice，the diagnosis of liver disease depends on various serological indicators. This paper summarizes recent research progress in the field of liver damage，enzymology of some traditional markers such as alanine aminotransferase，aspartate aminotransferase，alkaline phosphatase and bilirubin，albumin，hyaluronic acid and other macromolecular substances and new type of enzymology， molecular biology and pathophysiology markers will be reviewed.