Objective To investigate the effects of synthetic small interfering RNA（siRNA） targeting high mobility group box chromosomal protein 1（HMGB1-siRNA） on collagen type Ⅰand Ⅲ in hepatic stellate cells （HSCs） in vitro. Methods Synthetic siRNA targeting HMGB1 was transfected into HSC-T6 cells by lipofectamine， and negative siRNA transfection and no transfection were used as negative control and blank control， respectively. After incubation with siRNA，total RNA and protein of HSC-T6 cells were extracted；the protein levels of typeⅠand Ⅲ collagen were determined by using Western blotting and immunofluorescence；Collagen type Ⅰand Ⅲ levels in the supernatants were determined by enzyme linked immunosorbent assay. Results The expression of collagen type Ⅰ and Ⅲ were significantly reduced after transfection of HMGB1-siRNA compared with in control or blank. The levels of collagen type I and type Ⅲ in the supernatants of transfected cells were decreased than in the negative control at 72 hours；the 1evels of type I collagen decreased by（46.36±3.82）% （F=33.14，P<0.01） and the 1evel of type Ⅲ collagen decreased by（41.92±3.58）%（F=27.56，P<0.01） at 72 hours when compared to the control. Conclusion Inhibition of HMGB1 by siRNA decreases the synthesis and the secretions of typeⅠ and Ⅲ collagen in HSCs and this might has a potential effect in prevention and treatment of hepatic fibrosis.

Objective To study the mechanism of 12-4-Y[1-ethyl -8- methoxy -5 phenyl pyrazole （5，1-a） isoquinoline]，a novel isoquinoline compound， on apoptosis of activated rat hepatic stellate cells （HSCs） in vitro. Methods HSCs-T6 cells were treated with 12-4-Y at different concentrations（5，10，20，40 and 80 μg/ml） for 12 h，24 h，36 h and 48 h，respectively. Cell proliferation was determined by MTT assay. Qualitative and quantitative cell apoptosis were measured by Hoechst staining and flow cytometry（FCM），respectively. The expression of caspase 3 and its active form were detected by Western blotting. Results The proliferation rates of HSC-T6 cells when incubated with 12-4-Y for 12 hours were dose-dependent decreased[（1.086±0.013），（1.055±0.019），（0.957±0.012），（0.793±0.021） and（0.553±0.031），significantly lower than that in control group （1.215±0.014），P<0.05 for all]； the time-dependent inhibition of cell proliferation was observed when the incubation concentration of 12-4-Y at dose of 20 μg/ml was fixed[（0.957±0.012），（0.852±0.024），（0.641±0.032） and （0.492±0.017） at 12 h，24 h，36 h and 48h，significantly lower than that in the control group（1.318±0.007），P<0.01 for all]；In cells treated with 20 μg/ml for 24h，the apoptotic rate revealed by flow cytometry analysis was （29.23±1.20）%，which was significantly higher than that in the control group[（5.47±1.39）%，P<0.001] and Hoechst staining showed obvious apoptotic bodies in HSCs-T6 cells，in addition，Western blotting analysis revealed increased expression of cleaved caspase3 compared with in the control group. Conclusion 12-4-Y has great potential in inducing HSCs apoptosis and the activation of caspase3 might be involved in this process.

Objective To evaluate the effect of three commonly used immunosuppressors on HBV replication in mouse model. Methods pAAV/HBV1.2，a HBV plasmid，was introduced into livers of Balb/C mice by hydrodynamic injection to establish HBV replication model. Animals were treated with dexamethasone（DEX）， tacrolimus（FK506），cyclophosphamide （CYP） or saline from 6 days before plasmid injection to 10 weeks after injection. HBsAg，HBsAb and HBcAb were detected by electrochemiluminescence immunoassay（ECLIA），and HBV DNA by real-time PCR. Results The survival time of the transplanted skin grafts in DEX，FK506，and CYP treated mice were （21.50±3.09），（21.50±3.09） and （21.40±1.52） days，respectively，much longer than that of grafts in saline treated mice[（8.67±1.86） d，P=0.037，P=0.000 and P=0.000，respectively]；HBV replication and antibody generation in FK506 treated mice was similar to that in control group；HBV replication was maintained at the high level in DEX treated mice during the treatment period，however，HBV DNA and HBsAg levels dropped rapidly after the medicine withdrawal，while HBsAb and HBcAb were negative throughout the observation period；In CYP treated mice，HBV replication was prolonged and HBV DNA and HBsAg were at high levels even at week 16 after CYP withdrawal，while HBsAb and HBcAb were negative throughout the observation period. Conclusion The persistent replication of HBV in BALB/c mice can be achieved by administration of CYP rather than FK506.

Objective To investigate the role of the angiogenic gene in the development of nonalcoholic fatty liver diseases（NAFLD） and to elucidate the mechanism of Fuzheng Huayu （FZHY） recipe in alleviating NAFLD related fibrosis in vivo. Methods Healthy male C57BL/6J mice aged 7~8 weeks were adopted to induce NAFLD related fibrosis by feeding methionine-choline deficient （MCD） diet for 8 weeks. Meanwhile， the intervention group was administrated with FZHY. Histological hepatic change in mice such as hepatic steatosis， inflammation and fibrosis were observed by hematoxylin & eosin and Masson trichrome staining. The expression of α-smooth muscle actin （α-SMA），hypoxia-inducible factor-1α （HIF-1α） and its downstream factors e.g. vascular endothelial growth factor （VEGF） and inducible nitrogen synthase （iNOs） were detected by either quantitative real-time PCR or Western blot or immunohistochemistry. Results The mice in model group were present with macrovesicular steatosis，inflammatory infiltration and spotty and focal necrosis in hepatic lobule，peri-sinusoid fibrosis，and proliferation of fibrous tissues and fibrous septums in portal area，while the hepatic damage，inflammation and fibrosis in the intervention group were ameliorated by FZHY administration；Meanwhile，significantly down-regulated mRNA levels of α-SMA，HIF-1α，VEGF and iNOs in the intervention group were observed [（3.83±0.53） vs. （8.33±2.32），（3.02±0.55 ） vs. （4.50±0.78），（3.23±0.94） vs. （7.40±1.54），（3.60±0.96） vs. （9.94±1.60），respectively，（P<0.01） for all]，and the protein expression were consistent with their mRNA，e.g. [（0.53±0.04） vs. （1.08±0.20），（0.44±0.02） vs. （0.55±0.08），（0.54±0.07）vs.（1.08±0.03），（1.61±0.21）vs.（3.30±0.88），respectively，P<0.05]. Conclusion FZHY recipe down-regulates the expression of HIF-1α and its downstream pro-angiogenic growth factors，VEGF and iNOs，by inhibiting the activation of hepatic stellate cells（HSCs），thus preventing or retarding the development of NAFLD related fibrosis in mice.

Objective To observe the clinical efficacy of Fufang Biejia Ruangan tablet （FBR） combined with entecavir （ETV） in the treatment of patients with chronic hepatitis B （CHB）. Methods A total of 138 patients with CHB were enrolled and divided into two groups（73 in FBR plus ETV group，and 65 patients in ETV monotherapy group）. Liver functions，HBV serological indicators，HBV DNA quantification，liver fibrosis markers，results of abdominal ultrasound and adverse drug reactions were recorded. Results The liver functions in both groups had been improved after 48-weeks treatment compared with those before treatment. ALT levels before and after treatment in patients of combination group were[（118.7±70.9） U/L vs. （32.6±21.5） U/L，P<0.01] and ALB before and after treatment in combination group were [（38.5±3.8） g/L vs. （43.2±4.5） g/L，P<0.01]；No significant difference was seen between the two groups in serum clearance rate of HBV DNA and negative conversion rate of HBeAg [85.33% （64/73） vs. 86.15% （56/65），and 27.78% vs. 15.15%，respectively，P>0.05 for both]； Serum hyaluronic acid （HA） and length of spleen in combination group reduced remarkably after 48-weeks treatment compared with those before treatment [（172.40±58.16） μg/L vs. （365.17±119.07） μg/L for HA， P<0.01 and （10.15±0.12） cm vs. （12.08±0.16） cm for the length of spleen，P<0.05]. Conclusion ETV combined with FBR provides better efficacy than ETV alone in the treatment of patients with CHB.

Objective To investigate the relationship among serum ALT，AST，GGT，GLO levels and liver tissue injuries in patients with chronic hepatitis B. Methods 486 patients with chronic hepatitis B viral infection were retrospectively analyzed．The histopathologic examinations of liver biopsies were performed in all of them. The liver histological activity index （grading，G） and the fibrotic stage （S） were obtained. And the serum liver function index，the patient's gender，age and other indicators were also recorded. The data was measured by Mann-Whitney U test，or by using t test，and we used Spearman's or Pearson's for correlation analysis. Results Out of 486 patients with chronic hepatitis B，63（12.96%） had liver grading of ≥G2，and 231 （47.5%） had liver fibrosis of ≥S2，and the age was significantly lower in 248 HBeAg-positive group than in 238 HBeAg-negative group[（32.9±10.5）yr vs. （40.6±9.5）yr，P<0.05]，and AKP levels was significantly higher than in HBeAg-negative group（ P＜0.05）；the serum AST，AKP，GGT levels in patients with liver fibrosis of ≥S2 were significantly higher，but serum ALB levels were lower than those in patients with Conclusions Serum AST，GGT，ALB levels are associated with liver fibrosis in patients with seerum ALT less than 2 ULN and liver biopsies are strongly recommended in patients serum ALT less than 2 ULN，no matter serum HBeAg-positive or -negative when antiviral therapy needs to be considered.

Objective To summarize the clinical characteristics of patients with human parvovirus B19 infection. Methods The clinical materials in 17 patients with human parvovirus （HPV） B19 infection was retrospectively summarized，and the clinical features，laboratory findings and radiologic imaging were analyzed. Results The predominant symptoms and signs of patients in this series were:fever（100.0%），general fatigue（82.4%）， arthralgia/myalgia （52.9%），pharyngalgia（17.4%），anorexia （64.7%），rash（17.3%），splenomegaly（70.6%），hepatomegaly （41.2%），lymphadenectasis（17.6%） and jaundice （17.3%）；The laboratory findings showed elevated serum alanine aminotransferase and aspartate transferase，lactate dehydrogenase，hydroxybutyrate dehydrogenase and adenosine deaminase levels，and higher lymphocyte counts; Hepatic injury caused by HPV B19 infection had features of acute onset and complicated clinical manifestations， but with a self-limited illness course. The recovery of liver function was rapid and the prognosis was relatively good. Conclusion The patients who have unexplained hepatic injury should have a prompt detection of serum anti-HPV B19 IgM，especially in those with negative serum hepatitis A，B，C and E virus markers.

Objective To explore the influencing factors of controlled attenuation parameter （CAP） obtained by FibroTouch in patients with non-alcoholic fatty liver diseases. Methods Fifty-one patients with non-alcoholic fatty liver diseases were recruited in this study，and CAP measurement was conducted by Fibrotouch. Blood lipids， blood biochemical indexes，gender，age and body mass index（BMI） were collected. Multiple linear regression analysis was done for statistic analysis. Results Univariate analysis showed CAP value was positively related to BMI and ALT（P=0.001 for BMI；P=0.036 for ALT）；Multiple linear regression analysis showed that CAP value was significantly correlated with BMI and ALT（F=10.728，P＜0.0001；standard regression coefficient of BMI β=0.505，P=0.000；standard regression coefficient of ALT β=0.254，P=0.040），and the regression equation established after multiple linear regression analysis was CAP=49.547+6.809×BMI+2.82×ALT. Conclusion BMI and serum ALT levels might affect the results of FibroTouch examination in patients with non-alcoholic fatty liver diseases.

Objective To evaluate the efficacy and safety of diammonium glycrrhizinate enteric-coated capsules in the treatment of patients with fatty liver diseases. Methods All randomized controlled trials of diammonium glycrrhizinate for the treatment of patients with fatty liver disease published before June 2014 were collected by searching PubMed，OVID，EMBASE，Cochrance Library，Chinese National Knowledge Infrastructure （CNKI）， Wan-fang Database and VIP Database. Statistical analyses were performed with RevMan 5.0 software. Results A total of 5 articles involving 376 patients with fatty liver disease were included. The overall efficacy[Odds Ratio （OR）=2.19，95%CI 1.19~4.06，P=0.01] and remission of clinical syndrome（OR=3.85，95%CI 2.07~7.16，P<0.0001） of patients in treatment group were better than those in the controls；Compared with patients in control group，there were greater improvement of hepatic function indicators and reduction of serum lipid in patients in treatment group； The weighted mean differences（WMDs） for alanine aminotransferase，aspartate aminotransferase，γ-glutamyltranspe-ptidase，serum total cholesterol and，serum triglyceridewere -15.65（95%CI -21～-10.29， P<0.00001），-17.56 （95%CI -25.99~-9.14，P<0.0001），-7.18 （95%CI -11.94~-2.42，P=0.003），-1.01（95%CI -1.84~-0.18，P=0.02） and -0.77（95%CI -0.92~-0.61，P<0.00001），respectively；But there were no significant differences between the two groups in high density lipoprotein （HDL-L） （WMD=-0.01，95%CI -0.16~0.14，P>0.05） and low density lipoprotein （LDL-L）（WMD=0.04，95%CI -0.30~0.38，P>0.05）；Patients in treatment group had better liver morphology improvement than in controls （50% vs. 26.7%） as revealed by B ultrasound（P=0.0007）；However，the incidence of adverse effect in patients in treatment group was slightly higher than that in controls（11.19% vs. 1.44%，P=0.005）. Conclusion Diammonium glycrrhizinate enteric-coated capsules is effective in improving clinical symptom，liver function，serum lipids and liver morphology in patients with fatty liver diseases.

Obiective To investigate the efficacy of ultrasound interventional therapy for patients with compensated liver cirrhosis due to hepatitis B infection. Methods 181 patients with compensated liver cirrhosis were enrolled in this study，including 109 cases in the treatment group，and 72 cases in the control group. The patients in the control group were given nucleoside analogues，and in the treatment group were given interventional ultrasound treatment at the base of antiviral therapy. All patients were followed-up by ultrasound-guided liver biopsy for histological activity index and hepatic fibrosis index，and liver function，blood routine and abdominal ultrasound check-up after 1 years，2 years，and 3 years of treatment. Result There was no significant difference of serum HBV DNA loss rates between the two groups；The serum albumin level in patients of treatment group at the end of 3 years was（40.9±4.1） g/L，significantly higher than in the control group[（38.7±3.4） g/L，P＜0.05]，prothrombin time activity were（69.7±11.4） %，significantly higher than that in the control group [（65.9±9.4） %，P＜0.05]. The diameter of portal vein and splenic length were （1.18±0.14） cm and（11.74±1.18） cm，significantly lower than those in the control group [（1.24±0.14） cm and （12.78±1.43） cm，P＜0.05]. The histopathological improvement rate in treatment group was 54.1%，significantly higher than 25.0% in the control group（P＜0.01）. The HAI and HFI were （3.64±0.86） and （3.87±0.84），were both significantly lower than in the control group [（8.94±1.42） and （6.83±1.12），respectively，P＜0.05]. Conclusion The treatment in our series can effectively improve the liver function of patients with compensated liver cirrhosis，reducing portal hypertension and improving liver fibrosis.

Objectives To evaluate the effectiveness and safety of Chinese herbal medicine combined with ursodeoxycholic acid （UDCA） in treatment of patients with primary biliary cirrhosis （PBC）. Methods The randomized controlled trials（RCT） articles on combination of herbal medicine and UDCA in treatment of patients with PBC were retrieved from China national knowledge infrastructure （CNKI），Wanfang academic journal database，Vip journal database（VIP），Medline and Pubmed from November 2009 to November 2014 by Cochrane systemic review method and materials were analyzed by Revman5.3 software. Results We obtained 10 randomized controlled trials and their Jadad scores were one to three. Eight out of the ten RCT giving efficacy included 368 patients with PBC，with 187 with combination treatment and 181 with UDCA alone. Meta analysis showed that the effectiveness rate in combination group was statistically significant different as compared to that in UDCA alone [OR=3.83，95%CI （2.09，7.02），P<0.0001]；the serum ALP，GGT，TBIL，ALT，AST，TBA levels in combination group decreased more obviously than in control. Conclusion Chinese herbal medicine combined with UDCA in treatment of patients with PBC is promising，but the studies needs more evidences to prove it.

Objective To estimate the effectiveness and safety of magnesium isoglycyrrhizinate injection （MIG） for the treatment of patients with cirrhosis. Methods All the randomized controlled trials（RCT） about the effectiveness and safety of MIG for the treatment of patients with cirrhosis were collected by searching databases including Pubmed，Embse，Cochrane library，CBM，Wanfang，CNKI and VIP. The screening of literatures，extraction of information and evaluation of the risk of bias were accomplished by two independent reviewers. Statistical analyses were performed with RevMan 5.2 software. Results A total of 9 RCTs involving 576 patients were included，while the methodology of the included studies was of low quality. The meta-analysis showed that the clinical effective rate of MIG used alone or in combination with other liver-protecting agents was significantly higher than in other hepatoprotective drugs （RR: 1.23，95%CI: 1.07 to 1.42，P<0.01） and （RR:1.31，95%CI: 1.13 to 1.51，P<0.01） with remarkably improved liver function and no severe side effects. Conclusion MIG injection is superior to other hepatoprotective drugs for liver cirrhosis with fewer side effects. However，more controlled trials of high quality are required to further assess the effectiveness and safety of MIG for patients with cirrhosis.

Objective To discuss the related risk factors of esophageal variceal bleeding（EVB）in patients with liver cirrhosis and to find out an effective noninvasive index for predicting EVB. Methods A retrospective analysis of clinical data of 168 patients with liver cirrhosis were carried out，and 85 patients with and 83 without EVB were included. The clinical data that may affect the EVB were analyzed by Logistic regression analysis. Results The age，gender and causses of liver cirrhosis in the two groups had no statistically significant difference （P＞0.05）；The diameter of portal vein （DPV），diameter of splenic vein （DSV） and splenic index （SI） in patients with EVB were （1.48±0.28）cm，（1.08±0.19）cm and （72.54±16.69） cm2，respectively，significantly higher than those in without [（1.34±0.29）cm，（1.18±0.25）cm and （66.98±19.21） cm2，respectively，P＜0.05]；Serum Na＋ and ratio of platelet counts/splenic length in patients with EVB were （139.45±3.41）mmol/L and（5.05±2.07）×109/L?cm-1，respectively，significantly lower than in without [（140.66±4.41） mmol/L and（8.99±4.36）×109/L?cm-1，respectively，P＜0.05]；The Child-Pugh class between the two groups was significantly different（P＜0.05）；Logistic regression analysis showed that DPV，DSV，ratio of platelet counts/splenic length and Child-Pugh classification between the two groups were statistically significant（OR=6.832，7.283，0.655，2.129，respectively，P＜0.05），and multivariate and unconditioned Logistic regression analysis showed that only ratio of platelet counts/splenic length （OR=0.685，P=0.000）was an independent risk factor for EVB in patients with cirrhosis. Conclusion Ratio of platelet counts/splenic length might be used as an predictive index for EVB in patients with cirrhosis．

Objective To investigate the diagnostic value of color Doppler ultrasound in patients with intrahepatic portosystemic venous shunts （IPSVS）. Methods Philips IE33 and GE LOGIQ9 color Doppler ultrasound was applied for liver examination. Results Fourteen patients（six men and 8 women with age of 43 to 70 yr-old） were recruited in our series. Out of them，one with hepatic metastasis from colon，two with abnormal liver function tests with unknown causes，three with liver cirrhosis， and eight with extrahepatic diseases；IPSVS manifested aneurysmal or tubular communication from portal vein to hepatic veins and 12（85.7%） were found having IPSVS located in right lobe of liver，and 2（14.3%，P＜0.01）in left liver；According to Park classification，typeⅡ were found in 5（35.7%）and type Ⅲ in 9（64.3%，P<0.01）；Color Doppler imaging showed alternating red and blue or circuitous blood flow signals in the shunts. Conclusion Color Doppler ultrasound can sensitively determine the blood flow direction，flow velocity and flow volume of IPSVS.

Objective To investigate Foxp3 mRNA levels in peripheral blood mononuclear cells （PBMCs） in patients with hepatocellular carcinoma（HCC） and explore its relationship with serum AFP levels. Methods 60 patients with HCC and 20 healthy persons were enrolled in this study. The Foxp3 mRNA in PBMCs was measured by RT-PCR and serum AFP was detected at the same time. Results There existed statistically significant difference in Foxp3 levels between patients with HCC and controls[（0.976±0.073） vs.（0.772±0.083），P<0.01]； Pearson correlation analysis showed positive correlation between Foxp3 levels in PBMCs and serum AFP levels in HCC patients（r＝0.226，P＝0.025）. Conclusion The Foxp3 levels in PBMCs in patients with HCC increase，which might help predict HCC development.

Objective To investigate the etiology and clinical characteristics in patients with primary liver cancer（PLC）. Methods 573 patients with PLC，diagnosed by serology and hepatic imaging，were enrolled in this study from January 2005 to January 2014 in the Department of Traditional and Western Medical Hepatology，Third Hospital of Hebei Medical University，Shijiazhuang，China. Results The mean age of the patients was（58.7±10.8） years（range 17 to 91 years），of which 79.4% were 40~69 years，with the age of 50 to 69 years as the highest （61.6%）. The ratio of male to female patients was 4.5:1，and the average age in male patients was（57.4±10.3） years，significantly younger than that in female patients [（64.5±11） years，P<0.001]；The prevalence of HBV infection，HBV infection with alcoholic liver disease （ALD），HCV infection and ALD in patients with PLC were 55.3%，26.9%，6.6% and 3.8%，respectively；The average ages of patients with HBV infection and ALD，ALD，HBV infection，and HCV infection were （54.3±8.4） years，（58.4±11.4） years，（58.6±10.6） years and [（67.0±7.8）years，P<0.001]；85.7% of patient with PLC in our series had underlying liver cirrhosis；100（21.2%） and 53 （9.3%） patients had a family history of HBV infection and PLC；In 240 patients with HBV related PLC，serum HBV DNA was detected and the serum HBV DNA levels were observed greater than 1×104 IU/ml in 53.2% of them；The common models of serum HBV markers were HBsAg，anti-HBe，and anti-HBc positive in 57.4%；The serum α-fetoprotein（AFP） level was elevated in 79.1% of patients with PLC，and 39.6% were above 400μg/L，39.4% were 7~400μg/L，and 21.2% were normal. Conclusions HBV infection is the major risk factor for PLC，and alcohol consumption promotes PLC development in individuals with HBV infection. Serum AFP is the marker for PLC，but the diagnostic value needs further assessment.

Objective To explore the efficacy of general anesthesia combined with epidural anesthesia in elderly patients with hypertension during laparoscopic cholecystectomy （LC）. Method 64 elderly hypertensive patients with gallstone undergoing LC were divided into control group（n=32） and observation group（n=32）. The general anesthesia was applied to patients in control group，while general anesthesia combined with epidural anesthesia in observation group. The hemodynamic changes in the two groups were recorded during operation including systolic blood pressure（SBP），diastolic blood pressure（DBP），and heart rates（HR），and serum hormones，such as growth hormone （GH），prolactin （PRL） and cortisol （Cor） were detected. Results The SBP in the observation group at T1 （immediately after intubation），T2 （ten minutes after pneumoperitoneum） and T3 （immediately before extubation） were（159.49±6.26） mmHg，（153.48±6.42） mmHg and（158.41±6.33） mmHg，while in the control group were（163.34±5.52） mmHg，（157.22±5.75） mmHg and （161.30±5.16） mmHg，respectively （P<0.05）；The DBP in the observation group were significantly lower than in the control group（P<0.05）；The HR in the observation group were quicker than in the control group （P<0.05）；Serum GH levels in the observation group at T1，T2 and T3 were （11.44±2.27） mg/L，（8.03±2.56） mg/L and（9.34±2.82） mg/L，obviously lower than in the control group [（13.25±3.56） mg/L，（9.51±3.14） mg/L and（10.92±3.25） mg/L，respectively，P<0.05 or P<0.01）；Serum PRL levels in the observation group were（70.76±5.55） mg/L，（60.43±7.85） mg/L and（64.36±7.59） mg/L，considerably lower than in the control group [（81.32±4.03） mg/L，（73.01±8.04） mg/L and（76.39±6.65） mg/L，respectively，P<0.05 or P<0.01；The serum Cor levels in the observation group were（480.33±26.16） mg/L，（469.27±28.76） mg/L and（477.91±21.78） mg/L，markedly lower than in the control group [（511.45±27.69） mg/L，（484.21±23.13） mg/L and （495.40±26.67） mg/L，respectively，P<0.05 or P<0.01]；The postoperative breathing recovery time，eye opening time，extubation time，orientation recovery time in the observer group were （7.81±3.12） min，（8.25±3.23） min，（16.73±4.28） min and （19.55±5.23） min，markedly shorter than in the control group [（10.20±3.87） min，（10.21±3.84） min，（21.45±4.50） min and（23.29±5.41） min，P<0.05 or P<0.01]；Eight cases（25.0%） in control group occurred wake irritability，while in observation group were only two （6.3%，P<0.05）. Conclusion It might be a stable hemodynamics，less hormonal stress and quick recovery from anesthesia in elderly patients with hypertension during LC when general anesthesia combined with epidural anesthesia are given.

Protein encoded by neural precursor cell-expressed developmentally down-regulated gene 4-like（Nedd4L）gene belongs to the ubiquitin ligase E3. Tt is important for ubiquitination and degradation process of intracellular proteins，which involves in the action mode，activation and regulation of Nedd4L. More and more researches points out that cancers，obesity，hypertension and fibrosis are closely related to action of Nedd4L， but the specific mechanisms are far from clear. This review focuses on the fibrogenesis of Nedd4L in liver fibrosis.

The accurate diagnosis and scientific management of patients with nonalcoholic fatty liver diseases （NAFLD） is becoming more and more urgent. Ultrasonography and magnetic resonance imaging are applied to the diagnosis of NAFLD in clinical practice， and the imaging methods for liver fat quantitation for patient with NAFLD are reviewed in this paper.

Primary biliary cirrhosis （PBC） is one of the autoimmune liver diseases. Ursodeoxycholic acid（UDCA） is the only therapeutic drug approved by FDA. Most patients have a good response to UDCA. Many research on treatment of PBC for the use of fibrates，6- ethyl chenodeoxycholic acid，and budesonide，shows promising results.

Mitochondrial creatine kinase（MtCK） located in the space between inner membrance and outer membrance of intracellular mitochondria. Creatine kinase is a member of the creatine kinase isozyme. The mainly physiological function of MtCK is to provide the energy for muscle contraction through the creatine phosphate shuttle mechanism under aerobic condition， which plays an important role in mitochondrial respiratory control. Recently，over expression of ubiquitous MtCK（uMtCK） is found in malignant tumors with especially poor prognosis. The molecular biology mechanism of the over expression in malignant tumors is well studied and the scholars find that uMtCK might be useful in the diagnosis of malignant tumors. Meanwhile，molecular biology studies shows that over expression of uMtCK promotes malignant tumors growth though resisting apoptosis. We reviewed the role and molecular biologic mechanism of mitochondrial creatine kinase in the diagnosis of malignant tumor.