Abstract: Objective To investigate the preoperative anxiety and depression in patients underwent orthotopic liver transplantation（OLT） and analysis the influencing factors.Methods 72 patients underwent OLT and 72 healthy adult persons were recruited in this study between May 2011 and April 2016，and the population characteristics，anxiety and depression emotions were investigated by cross-sectional survey and convenient sampling method. The influencing factors were analyzed by Logistic regression analysis.Results The scores of anxiety and depression in patients underwent OLT were（46.40±5.30） and（48.25±4.14），and the incidence of anxiety and depression were 30.6% and 43.1%，respectively，significantly higher than those（29.45±6.34），（28.13±5.42），5.6 % and 8.3%，in the control（P<0.05）. Binary Logistic stepwise regression analysis showed that the age，education，family month income and marital status were the major independent risk factors for preoperative anxiety and depression in patients underwent OLT（P<0.05）.Conclusion The preoperative anxiety and depression in patients underwent OLT are common，and the major independent risk factors are multiple. We need actively carry out symptomatic nursing intervention.

Key words: Liver transplantation, Anxiety, Depression, Risk factors