Abstract: Objectiv To analyze the risk factors for stone recurrence in patients with common bile duct stones after endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography （ERCP） and endoscopic sphineterotomy （EST） therapy. Methods 357 patients with common bile duct stones were recruited in our hospital,and routine ERCP examination were done. The stone were removed by EST. All patients were followed-up and routine imaging examination were carried out to find the stone recurrence. The risk factors of stone recurrence after ERCP and EST treatment were evaluated by Logistic analysis. Results Out of the 357 patients,ERCP were successfully performed in 349（97.8%） patients,and the stones were successfully removed in 334（93.6%） patients;138 patients were found to have,and 219 have not stone recurrence during the followed-up period;univariate Logistic analysis showed that there were no significant differences in gender,BMI,and presence or absence of gallstones between patients with and without stone recurrence（P>0.05）,while there were significant differences as respect to the course of disease,age and incision size between patients with recurrent stone and those without [（10.9±2.5） yr vs. （7.6±1.7） yr,（66.8±7.2） years old vs. （57.3±8.7） years old,and （15.6±1.9） mm vs. （7.9±2.2） mm,P<0.05];the percentages of biliary surgery history,diverticulum,biliary stricture,biliary or pancreatic inflammation,stone numbers more than 2 and stone diameters greater than 10 mm in patients with stone recurrence were 18.8%,29.7%,30.4%,78.9%,81.9%,and 40.6%,significantly higher than 1.8%,7.3%,11.4%,40.6%,64.8%,and 9.6% in patients without stone recurrence（P<0.05）;multivariate Logistic regression analysis showed that the diameter of common bile duct greater than 10 mm and incision size greater than 15 mm were the independent factors for stone recurrence after operation. Conclusion Patients with larger papillary incision and dilated diameters of common bile duct might have stone recurrence after ERCP and EST operation,and they must be followed-up for early diagnosis.

Key words: Cholelithiasis, Endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography, Endoscopic sphineterotomy, Stone recurrence, Risk factors