Abstract: Objective To investigate the efficacy and prognosis of retrograde cholangiopancreatography （ERCP）-guided radiofrequency ablation combined with chemotherapy in treatment of patients with cholangiocarcinoma. Methods The clinical and follow-up data of 96 patients with cholangiocarcinoma admitted to our hospital between January 2009 and December 2014 were retrospectively analyzed. The patients were divided into control group and observation group with 48 cases in each group. The patients in the control group were treated with ERCP-guided radiofrequency ablation and the patients in the observation group were given chemotherapy on the basis of ERCP-guided radiofrequency ablation. The recent clinical outcomes were compared between the two groups. The prognosis of all patients was statistically analyzed and the survival was compared. Cox regression analysis was performed to explore the factors affecting the patients' survival. Results The levels of serum bilirubin was （72.6±22.2） μmol/L vs. （102.6±32.4） μmol/L,GGT was （262.2±64.6） U/L vs. （382.4±102.4） U/L and ALP was （206.4±62.6） U/L vs. （284.4±86.4） U/L,and serum albumin levels was （42.4±10.8） g/L vs.（36.2±10.6） g/L,all significantly different between the two groups（P<0.05）;the clinical effective rate in the observation group was remarkably higher than in the control group（91.6% vs. 75.0%,x²=4.800,P=0.028）;the 3 year overall survival rates in the observation group and the control group were 58.3% vs. 29.1%,respectively,and difference was statistically significant （x²=8.296,P=0.004）;the 3 year recurrence-free survival rate in the two groups were 54.2% and 25.0%,respectively,and the difference was statistically significant between the two groups（x²=8.537,P=0.003）;univariate Cox regression analysis showed that age,tumor location,number,differentiation,clinical stage,CEA level and treatment were all likely to affect the prognosis of patients with cholangiocarcinoma（P <0.05）;multivariate Cox regression analysis showed that the poor tumor differentiation（HR=1.84,95%CI:1.05-3.23）, stage III and IV（HR=1.76,95%CI:1.03-3.02）,metastasis （HR=1.81 95%CI:,1.05-3.12） and without chemotherapy after surgery （HR=1.84,95%CI: 1.03-3.27） were all independent factors influencing the prognosis of patients with cholangiocarcinoma（P<0.05）. Conclusions ERCP-guided radiofrequency ablation combined with chemotherapy could significantly improve the clinical efficacy of patients with cholangiocarcinoma,prolong the survival and ameliorate the prognosis. Taking the influencing factors into consideration and managing them in time might further improve the efficacy.

Key words: Cholangiocarcinoma, Endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography, Radiofrequency ablation, Chemotherapy, Therapy