Abstract: Objective To compare the efficacy of interferon alpha -2b and peginterferon alpha -2a（PEG-IFN alpha-2a） in the treatment of patients with chronic hepatitis B（CHB）. Methods 116 patients with CHB were enrolled in our hospital between August 2015 and August 2017,and were divided randomly into two groups,with 58 in each. The patients in control were treated with interferon alpha -2b,and those in the observation group were treated with PEG-IFN alpha-2a. The regimen in both groups lasted for 48 weeks. Serum laminin （LN）,hyaluronic acid （HA）,collagen type Ⅳ （Ⅳ-C） and pro-Ⅲ type collagen peptide （P Ⅲ P） and serum interleukin 4（IL-4）,IL-6,IL-10 and interferon gamma（IFN-gamma） were detected. Results Serum HBV DNA negative conversion,HBeAg negative conversion,serum HBeAg conversion to anti-HBe and ALT normalization rates in the observation group were 75.9%,29.3%,22.4% and 70.7%,all significantly higher than 51.7%,19.0%,10.3% and 55.2%,respectively （P<0.05）;serum LN,HA,Ⅳ-C and PⅢP levels were significantly lower than in thecontrol （P<0.05）;serum IL-4 level was significantly lower than,while serum IL-6,IL-10 and IFN-γ levels significantly higher than in the control （P<0.05）;the incidence of thrombocytop nia was 51.7%,much higher than 12.1% in the control（P<0.05）. Conclusion PEG-IFN alpha-2a might be superior to domestic IFN alpha-2b in the treatment of patients with CHB,which should be the first-line choice for antiviral therapy.

Key words: Hepatitis B, Interferon alpha-2b, Peginterferon alpha-2a, Therapy