Abstract: Objective To analyze the efficacy of stone removal under endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography （ERCP） and open common bile duct exploration （CBDE） in the treatment of patients with common bile duct residual stones after laparoscopic cholecystectomy （LC）. Methods 84 patients with common bile duct residual stones after LC in our hospital between February 2015 and December 2016 were selected in this study, and 38 cases of them were given CBDE（group A） and 46 cases were treated with stone removal under ERCP （group B）. Results The average intraoperative bleeding volume in the group B was significantly lesser than that in the group A [（3.4±1.3） ml vs. （124.2± 65.8） ml],the operative time [（34.8±4.2） min vs. （123.3±15.8） min],the exhaust time [（1.0±0.7） h vs. （42.6±9.1） h] and the hospital stay [（4.9±3.5） d vs. （9.3±4.3） d] in group B were all significantly shorter than those in group A （all P<0.05）;at the end of one week,serum levels of GGT [（63.7±7.5） IU/L vs. （70.2±7.9） IU/L] and ALP[（105.6± 11.5） IU/L vs. （115.4±12.8） IU/L] in group B were not significantly different as compared to those in group A （P>0.05）;there were no significant differences as respect to the stone removal success（100.0% vs. 97.8%）,incidence of complications （23.7% vs. 15.2%） and stone recurrence （5.3% vs. 6.5%） between the two groups（P>0.05）. Conclusions Stone removal under ERCP for patients with common bile duct residual stones after LC can reduce the intraoperative bleeding, with shorten operative time and hospital stay, which can be repeatedly conducted for the recurrence or residual stones in common bile duct.

Key words: Choledocholithiasis, Endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography, Open common bile duct exploration, Residual stones, Therapy