Abstract: Objective To investigate the independent affecting factors of survival of patients with hepatocellular carcinoma （HCC） in five years after radical surgical resection. Methods A total of 112 patients with HCC after radical surgical resection in our hospital between October 2008 and October 2010 were enrolled in this study. Possible prognostic risk factors were obtained through clinical observation. Then,the univariate and multivariate survival analysis were performed using Cox regression model. Based on the multivariate analysis Results , we compared the changes of survival curves between independent factors using Kaplan-Meier method and Log-Rank test. Results Multiple Cox regression analysis showed that there were five independent factors affecting the prognosis of patients with HCC in five years after radical surgical resection,which were microvascular invasion（MVI）,the mass of tumors,the maximum diameters of tumors,histological differentiation,transcatheter arterial chemoembolization（TACE）,and the OR were 2.61,2.57,2.01,1.37 and 0.31,respectively. Kaplan-Meier method and Log-Rank test Results showed the cumulative survival rates at 1 a,3 a and 5 a in 38 TACE-treated patients were 90.6%,83.2% and 80.5%,much higher than 88.2%,41.5% and 30.9%,respectively,in 74 patients without TACE treatment （all P<0.05）. Conclusions The TACE treatment can improve the prognosis of patients with HCC in five years after radical surgical resection.

Key words: Hepatocellular carcinoma, Radical surgical resection, Survival analysis, Cox regression model, TACE