Abstract: A tons of studies have shown that the incidence of intestinal disorder or excessive growth of flora is very high in patients with liver diseases,especially with severe liver diseases,such as liver cirrhosis,liver cancer,and there is a close relationship between the intestinal dysbacteriosis and the occurrence of hapatocellular carcinoma. Lipopolysaccharide （LPS） produced by the intestinal flora can bond its recognition receptor-Toll-like receptor 4（TLR4）,through cell internal signaling pathways,mediating a series of immune inflammatory response,leading to furtherliver damages,and promoting inflammation related to the occurrence of hepatocellular carcinoma（HCC）. Antibotics maybe retard the occurrence and development of HCC by regulating intestinal flora or reducing the endotoxin production.

Key words: Hepatocellular carcinoma, Intestinal flora, Small intestinal bacterial overgrowth, Lipopolysaccharide, Toll-like receptor