实用肝脏病杂志 ›› 2010, Vol. 13 ›› Issue (6): 414-417.doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1672-5069.2010.06.006

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肝硬化并发自发性细菌性腹膜炎的临床特征及病原菌耐药分析

占国清,谭华炳,李儒贵,张薇薇,胡波   

  • 收稿日期:2010-03-05 出版日期:2010-12-10 发布日期:2016-04-18

Clinical features and antibiotic resistance in 135 liver cirrhosis patients with spontaneous bacterial peritonitis

ZHAN Guoqing,TAN Huabing,LI Rugui,et al.   

  1. Institute of Hepatology,People’s Hospital,Hubei Medical College,Shiyan 442000,China
  • Received:2010-03-05 Online:2010-12-10 Published:2016-04-18

摘要: 目的 探讨肝硬化合并自发性细菌性腹膜炎(SBP)的临床特征及病原菌耐药情况。方法 分析135例肝硬化合并SBP患者在抗感染治疗前后体温、腹部症状和体征、血常规、腹水白细胞及多核细胞数变化、腹水培养及药物敏感试验。结果 82.2%患者有发热,90.4%有腹部症状,88.9%有中等以上腹水,70.4%有顽固性腹水;21.5%外周血白细胞数≥10.0×109/L,63.7%中性粒细胞>0.7;45.2%腹水白细胞数>0.5×109/L,57.8%多核细胞>0.5;25.4%(30/118)细菌培养阳性,其中革兰氏阴性菌25例(83.3%),革兰氏阳性菌5例(16.7%),检测出的革兰氏阴性菌对大部分常用的抗菌药物耐药;治愈40例(29.63%),好转48例(35.56%),无效、恶化或自动出院47例(34.81%),其中死亡15例。结论 肝硬化合并SBP的临床症状不典型,腹水培养阳性率低,以革兰阴性菌为主。除应尽早行腹水培养外,需根据临床症状、体征、血常规、腹水常规检查等综合分析,及时应用有效抗生素治疗,以提高患者的生存率。

关键词: 肝硬化, 自发性细菌性腹膜炎, 革兰阴性菌感染, 药物耐受

Abstract: Objective To study the clinical features and antibiotic resistance in liver cirrhosis patients with spontaneous bacterial peritonitis(SBP). Methods 135 cirrhotic patients with SBP were studied and their body temperature,abdominal symptoms and signs,leucocyte and polymorphonuclear cells in blood and ascites before and after therapy were observed. Results 111 patients(82.2%)had varying degrees of fever. Abdominal symptoms existed in 122 cases(90.4%). Patients with ascites and refractory ascites were 120 cases(88.9%)and 95 cases(70.4%). Peripheral WBC>10.0×109/L in 29 cases(21.5%),neutrophil>70% in 86 cases(63.0%). Ascites WBC>0.5×109/L in 61 cases(45.2%),and PMN>50% in 78 cases(57.8%). Of 118 cases with ascites cultured,30 (25.4%)were positive. Gram-negative bacteria in 25 cases(83.3%),and Gram-positive bacteria in 5 cases(16.7%). The detected Gram-negative bacteria resisted to the majority of commonly used antimicrobial drugs. After therapy,the patients’body temperature,abdominal symptoms and signs improved(P<0.01). 40 cases(29.63%)recovered,48 cases(35.56%)improved,47 cases(34.81%)were deteriorated and 15 cases died.Conclusion Clinical symptoms in patients with SBP are atypical and the diagnosis of SBP mainly depends on clinical and ascites examination.

Key words: Liver cirrhosis, Spontaneous bacterial peritonitis, Gram-negative bacteria