Abstract: Objective To explore the clinical efficacy and safety of microwave ablation combined with laparoscopic liver resection in treatment of patients with hepatocellular carcinoma （HCC） with underlying liver cirrhosis. Methods 70 patients with HCC and underlying liver cirrhosis were accepted in our hospital between March 2009 and March 2015. 38 patients in observation group underwent microwave ablation combined with laparoscopic liver resection and 32 patients in control group underwent laparoscopic liver resection. The perioperative parameters， liver function indexes before and after treatment，complete resection rate，recurrence rate，and complications in the two groups were observed and compared. Results The operation time in observation group was（162.3±32.4） min，obviously longer than in control group[（131.0±27.9） min，P<0.05]，and the blood loss，drainage tube removal time and hospital stays in observation group were 【（132.5±25.6） mL，（5.2±1.3） d and（7.3±1.8） d】，less or shorter than in control group 【（368.4±67.1） mL，（7.0±1.6） d and（10.4±2.0） d，P<0.05】；serum bilirubin and alanine transaminase levels 7 days after operation in observation group were 【（19.7±5.2） μmol/L and （86.7±31.4） IU/L】，obviously lower than in control group【（24.1±5.8） μmol/L and（132.6±27.5） IU/L，P<0.05】；serum albumin in the two groups were【（43.3±10.8） g/L and（32.4±10.1）g/L，P<0.05】，while the prothrombin time international normalized ratio in the two groups were not significantly different （P>0.05）；The complete resection rate in the observation group was 94.74%，obviously higher than 78.13% （P<0.05） in the control group；the recurrence rate in the observation group was 7.89%，much lower than in the control group （28.13%，P<0.05）. Conclusion Microwave ablation combined with laparoscopic liver resection has a good efficacy and safety in treatment of patients with HCC and liver cirrhosis.

Key words: Hepatoma, Liver cirrhosis, Microwave ablation, Laparoscopic liver resection, Efficacy