Abstract: Objective The aim of this study was to investigate the diagnostic efficacy of plasma Ki67 and miRNA-26b levels in patients with hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC).Methods 90 patients with HCC and 60 patients with hepatitis B liver cirrhosis (LC) were admitted to our hospital, and plasma Ki67 and miRNA-26b were detected by RT-qPCR. The ROC curve was applied to analyze the diagnostic efficiency of plasma Ki67 and miRNA-26b levels in patients with HCC.Results The plasma Ki67 level in patients with HCC was 【1.6(1.1-2.2)】, significantly higher than 【0.4(0.1-1.2), P＜0.05】 in patients with LC; plasma miRNA-26b level in patients with HCC was 【0.7(0.3-1.4)】, significantly lower than 【2.0(1.4-3.0), P＜0.05】 in patients with LC; plasma Ki67 and miRNA-26b level distribution in patients with different Edmonson class, early or not relapse and metastasis were significantly different (P＜0.05); The AUC of plasma Ki67 in diagnosing HCC was 0.8(95% CI :0.7-0.9), and that of plasma miRNA-26b was 0.8(95% CI:0.8-0.9).The sensitivities (Se) of plasma Ki67 and miRNA-26b for diagnosing HCC were 55.6% and 70.0%, the specificities (Sp) were 95.0% and 83.3%, and the parallel test of plasma Ki67 and miRNA-26b improved the Sp to 96.7% and the concurrent test improved the Se to 87.8%. The combination the two parameters elevated the accuracy to 85.3%, superior to 71.3% and 75.3% by any one alone.Conclusion The detection of plasma Ki67 and miRNA-26b levels might provide new parameters for the diagnosis of patients with HCC, which warrants further investigation.

Key words: Hepatocellular carcinoma, Ki67, miRNA-26b, Diagnosis