Abstract: Objective The purpose of this study was to observe the clinicalefficacy of ¹²⁵I seed implantation or 3-dimensional conformal radiation therapy (3DCRT) and transcatheter artery chemoembolization(TACE) combination intreatment of patients with advanced hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Methods 92 patients with advanced HCC were recruited and were randomly divided intoobservation and control group, with 46 cases in each group. The patients inobservation group were treated with¹²⁵I seed implantation and TACE combination,and those in the control group were treated with 3D CRT combined with TACE.The short-term efficacy was evaluated and adverse reactions were recorded.Serum alpha-fetoprotein (AFP), alpha-fetoprotein heterogenous L3(AFP-L3) andGolgi protein (GP73) were detected. Results The disease control rates at 4thweek after treatment in the observation and the control group were 62.5% and57.5%(P>0.05), and the 1-year survival rates in the two groups were 52.5%and 45.0% (P > 0.05); at presentation and one month after treatment, there werenosignificant differences as comparison of serum AFP, AFP-L3 and GP73 levels in thetwo groups (P>0.05); the incidences of leucopenia, anemia, thrombocytopenia,and gut reaction during the treatment in the two groups were notsignificantlydifferent (P>0.05), while the incidence of radiation-induced liver injury inthe observation group was much lower than that in the control (P<0.05). Conclusion The short-term efficacy of ¹²⁵I seed implantation combined with TACE in the treatment of patients with advanced HCC is similar to that of 3D CRT combined with TACE, while the former is safer a mild side effects occur.

Key words: Hepatocellular carcinoma, Transcatheter arterial chemoembolization, ¹²⁵I seed implantation, Three-dimensional suitable radiotherapy, Efficacy