Abstract: Objective To investigate the efficacy and safety of combination therapy of pegylated interferon α-2a（PEG-IFNα-2a）and hepatitis B vaccine in treatment of patients with chronic hepatitis B（CHB）. Methods One hundred and seventy-two patients with CHB in our hospital from October,2008 to October,2012 were recruited and randomly divided into observation group（PEG-IFNα-2a plus hepatitis B vaccine） and control group（PEG-IFNα-2a alone,86 cases in each group）;The negative conversion rates of serum HBV DNA and HBeAg,normalization rates of ALT and adverse events at 6 and 12 months after treatment and at the end of 6-month followed-up between the two groups were compared. Results The negative conversion rates of HBV DNA and HBeAg,and the ALT normalization rates in observation group at 6 and 12 months after treatment and 6 months followed-up were 81.4%,53.5%,82.6% and 93.0%,64.0%,95.3%,respectively,all of which were significantly higher than those of corresponding parameters in control group（67.4%,38.7%,68.6% and 75.6%,46.5%,77.9%,respectively,P<0.05）;The serum ALT and AST levels at 6 and 12 months after treatment and at 6-month followed-up in observation group were （93.5±43.1） U/L and （86.0±50.6） U/L,（40.8±25.1） U/L and （50.7±28.6） U/L,（36.5±11.3） U/L and（43.2±15.7） U/L,respectively,all of which were significantly lower than those in control group （116.4±58.6） U/L and （105.3±52.8） U/L,（50.6±26.2） U/L and （59.5±25.4） U/L,（46.0±24.4） U/L and （52.6±23.9） U/L,respectively,P<0.05）. Conclusion Combination therapy of PEG-IFNα-2a with hepatitis B vaccine significantly improved the efficacy of PEG-IFNα-2a in treatment of patients with CHB.

Key words: Hepatitis B, Pegylated interferon α, -2a, Hepatitis B vaccine, Efficacy