Abstract: Objective The aim of this study was to investigate the short-term efficacy of entecavir and lactobacillus acidophilus compound combination in the treatment of patients with chronic hepatitis B (CHB) and non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). Methods 128 patients with CHB complicated by NAFLD were recruited in our hospital between July 2017 and May 2019, and were randomly divided into control and observation group, with 64 patients in each group. The patients in the control group were treated with entecavir and the patients in the observation group were treated with entecavir and lactobacillus acidophilus compound combination. The observation lasted for six months. Blood lipid indexes, heme oxygenase (HO-1), cytochrome P4502E1(CYP2E1) and myeloperoxidase (MPO) were detected by ELISA, and insulin resistance index (IRI) was calculated. The hepatic steatosis was evaluated by sonography. Results At the end of six month observation, serum alanine aminotransferase level in the observation group was (38.2±10.5)U/L, and serum aspartate aminotransferase level was (35.6±9.7)U/L, both significantly lower than [(53.9±13.8)U/L and (48.1±11.6)U/L, respectively, P<0.05】 in the control, while there was no significant differences as respect to serum GGT levels 【(73.9±15.4)U/L vs.(68.2±21.3) U/L, P>0.05】 or serum HBV DNA loads 【(1.9±0.3)lg copies/ml vs.(1.7±0.4)lg copies/ml, P>0.05】 between the two groups; serum total cholesterol level was (4.2±0.5)mmol/L, and serum triglyceride level was (1.7±0.3)mmol/L, IRI was (3.1±1.2), all significantly lower than 【(5.1±0.8)mmol/L,(2.3±0.4)mmol/L and (4.3±1.5), respectively, P<0.05】 in the control; serum HO-1 level was (124.7±13.7)mg/mL, significantly higher than 【(103.2±10.4)mg/mL, P<0.05】, while serum CYP2E1 level was (3.6±0.5)U/L】, and serum MPO level was (49.5±7.3)mg/mL, both much lower than 【(5.1±0.8)U/L and (64.8±9.2)mg/mL, P<0.05】 in the control; the incidence of improved hepatic steatosis in the observation was much higher than in the control (20.3% vs. 7.8%, P<0.05). Conclusion As for the patients with CHB and NAFLD, the administration of entecavir and lactobacillus acidophilus compound might be efficacious, and improve the liver functions and lipid metabolism, which could be related to the improvement of oxidative stress.

Key words: Hepatitis B, Nonalcoholic fatty liver diseases, Entecavir, Lactobacillus acidophilus, Insulin resistance index, Therapy