Abstract: Objective The aim of this study was to investigate the changes of serum soluble triggering receptor expressed on myeloid cells-1 (sTREM-1) and procalcitonin (PCT) levels in patients with decompensated liver cirrhosis (DLC) complicated with spontaneous bacterial peritonitis (SBP) . Methods 132 patients with cirrhotic ascites were enrolled in our hospital between January 2022 and January 2025, and all received antibiotics and general supporting therapy. Serum sTREM-1 level were detected by ELISA, and serum and PCT level were routinely obtained. Results Of 132 patients with DLC in our series, SBP was found in 63 cases (47.7%); percentage of Child-Pugh class C, INR, peripheral white blood cell count and ascites polymorphonuclear leukocyte cell count in patients with SBP were much higher(P<0.05), while serum albumin level was much lower than in those without(P<0.05); serum sTREM-1 and PCT levels as well as percentage of blood leukocytes in patients with SBP were (168.3±19.8)pg/mL, (3.6±1.0)ng/mL and (88.9±6.7)%, all much higher than [(126.2±22.4)pg/mL, (0.1±0.1)ng/mL and (72.7±5.3)%, respectively, P<0.05] in those without; by end of two-week treatment, 58 patients(92.1%) recovered with peritoneal infection controlled, and serum sTREM-1 and PCT levels decreased to normal(P<0.05), while 4 patients died and 1 patient had his SBP protracted. Conclusion Serum sTREM-1 and PCT levels in patients with DLC and SBP are abnormally elevated, and surveillance of them might monitor infection states and help assess the prognosis.

Key words: Decompensated liver cirrhosis, Spontaneous bacterial peritonitis, Soluble triggering receptor expressed on myeloid cells-1, Procalcitonin, Outcomes