Abstract: Objective To compare the clinical and histopathological features in patients with chronic hepatitis B（CHB） and chronic hepatitis C （CHC）. Methods The clinical data of 300 patients with CHB and 100 patients with CHC in our hospital between 2013 and 2017 were collected and analyzed retrospectively. The liver biopsies were performed in all the cases. Results The materials in our series indicated that the age was older 【（47.6±12.8）yr vs. （36.3±9.7）yr】,the illness period was longer 【（13.1±0.9）yr vs. （6.2±1.8）yr】,underlying disease was more multiple （39.0% vs. 18.7%）,blood-borne infection was more common（63.0% vs. 36.7%）,mother-to-infant vertical transmission was more less（3.0% vs. 29.7%）,intravenous infection was more common （40.0% vs. 7.0%） and sexual transmitted infection was more less（14.0% vs. 26.7%） than in patients with CHB（P<0.05）;serum ALT level was （76.5±10.8） U/L and serum AST level was（111.2±21.3） U/L in patients with CHB,significantly different as compared to 【（105.2±20.8） U/L and （98.3±20.1） U/L】 in patients with CHC（P<0.05）;the hepatic histopathological examination showed that >G2 hepatic activity （HAI） index in patients with CHC was 83.0%,much higher than 48.7%（P<0.05） in patients with CHB,and >S2 liver fibrosis was 65.0%,also significantly higher than 28.3%（P<0.05） in patients with CHB. Conclusion There are many clinical and histopathological differences between patients with CHC and with CHB,and severe liver injuries and fibrosis might be more common in patients with CHC due to longer infection periods,which needs more medical interventions.

Key words: Chronic hepatitis B, Chronic hepatitis C, Clinical features, Hepatic activity index, Liver fibrosis