Abstract: Objective To investigate the impact of blood IL28B gene polymorphism on viralogic response in patients with HBeAg positive chronic hepatitis B（CHB） receiving peginterferon alfa （Peg-IFNα） therapy. Methods 143 patients with serum HBeAg positive CHB were recruited in this study between August 2014 and October 2016. All patients received Peg-IFN alpha therapy for 24 to 144 weeks, and were followed-up for 52 weeks. Blood were obtained and DNA was extracted to detect single nucleotide polymorphism（SNP） of IL28B gene. The impact of SNP locus of IL28B gene on virological response was analyzed by the two classification multivariable Logistic regression. Results At the end of followed-up,58 patients（40.6%） responded and 85 patients failed to the regimen;out of the 143 patients with CHB,the type CT was 9.1%,type TT accounted for 0.7% and type CC accounted for 90.21% in rsl2979860 site,the type GT accounted for 9.1%,and type TT was 90.9% in rs8099917 site,and type AG accounted for 10.5%,and type AA accounted for 89.51% in rsl2980275 site;the genotype CC of rsl2979860 was 94.8% in responded patients,much higher than 87.1% （P<0.05）,the genotype TT of rs8099917 was 96.6%,much higher than 87.1%（P<0.05）,and genotype AA of rsl2980275 was 94.8%,much higher than 85.9% in non-responders（P<0.05）;two classification multivariable Logistic regression analysis with correction of baseline data showed that the rsl2979860 locus of the IL28B gene was the independent factor affecting the virology response（P<0.05）. Conclusion s The SNP locus of blood IL28B gene is closely related to the virologic response to Peg-IFNα therapy in patients with serum HBeAg positive CHB. The SNP detection of IL28B gene before antiviral therapy might help the clinicians make a reliable choice and get an optimal efficacy.

Key words: Hepatitis B, HBeAg positive, Peginterferonα, Virologic response, IL28B gene, Polymorphism