Abstract: Objective To study the clinical features and antibiotic resistance in liver cirrhosis patients with spontaneous bacterial peritonitis（SBP）. Methods 135 cirrhotic patients with SBP were studied and their body temperature，abdominal symptoms and signs，leucocyte and polymorphonuclear cells in blood and ascites before and after therapy were observed. Results 111 patients（82.2%）had varying degrees of fever. Abdominal symptoms existed in 122 cases（90.4%）. Patients with ascites and refractory ascites were 120 cases（88.9%）and 95 cases（70.4%）. Peripheral WBC>10.0×109/L in 29 cases（21.5%），neutrophil>70% in 86 cases（63.0%）． Ascites WBC>0.5×109/L in 61 cases（45.2%），and PMN>50% in 78 cases（57.8%）． Of 118 cases with ascites cultured，30 （25.4%）were positive. Gram-negative bacteria in 25 cases（83.3%），and Gram-positive bacteria in 5 cases（16.7%）. The detected Gram-negative bacteria resisted to the majority of commonly used antimicrobial drugs. After therapy，the patients’body temperature，abdominal symptoms and signs improved（P<0.01）. 40 cases（29.63%）recovered，48 cases（35.56%）improved，47 cases（34.81%）were deteriorated and 15 cases died.Conclusion Clinical symptoms in patients with SBP are atypical and the diagnosis of SBP mainly depends on clinical and ascites examination.

Key words: Liver cirrhosis, Spontaneous bacterial peritonitis, Gram-negative bacteria