[1] Ludwig J,Wiesner RH,LaRusso NF. Idiopathic adulthood ductopenia. A cause of chronic cholestatic liver disease and biliary cirrhosis. J Hepatol,1988,7(2):193-199.
[2] Björnsson ES,Jonasson JG. Idiosyncratic drug-induced liver injury associated with bile duct loss and vanishing bile duct syndrome:Rare but has severe consequences. Hepatology,2017,65(4):1091-1093.
[3] Nakanuma Y,Tsuneyama K,Harada K.Pathology and pathogenesis of intrahepatic bile duct loss. J Hepatobiliary Pancreat Surg,2001,8(4):303-315.
[4] Glaser S,Wang M,Ueno Y,et al.Differential transcriptional characteristics of small and large biliary epithelial cells derived from small and large bile ducts. Am J Physiol Gastrointest Liver Physiol,2010,299(3):G769-777.
[5] Cheung AC,Lorenzo Pisarello MJ,LaRusso NF. Pathobiology of biliary epithelia. Biochim Biophys Acta Mol Basis Dis,2018
1864(4 Pt B):1220-1231.
[6] Alpini G,Glaser S,Robertson W,et al.Bile acids stimulate proliferative and secretory events in large but not small cholangiocytes. Am J Physiol,1997,273(2 Pt 1):G518-529.
[7] Alpini G,Baiocchi L,Glaser S,et al.Ursodeoxycholate and tauroursodeoxycholate inhibit cholangiocyte growth and secretion of BDL rats through activation of PKC alpha. Hepatology,2002,35(5):1041-1052.
[8] Li T,Francl JM,Boehme S,et al.Regulation of cholesterol and bile acid homeostasis by the cholesterol 7α-hydroxylase/steroid response element-binding protein 2/microRNA-33a axis in mice. Hepatology,2013,58(3):1111-1121.
[9] de Aguiar Vallim TQ,Tarling EJ,Kim T,et al. MicroRNA-144 regulates hepatic ATP binding cassette transporter A1 and plasma high-density lipoprotein after activation of the nuclear receptor farnesoid X receptor. Circ Res,2013,112(12):1602-1612.
[10] Gong AY,Zhou R,Hu G,et al.MicroRNA-513 regulates B7-H1 translation and is involved in IFN-gamma-induced B7-H1 expression in cholangiocytes. J Immunol,2009,182(3):1325-1333.
[11] Song KH,Li T,Owsley E,et al.A putative role of micro RNA in regulation of cholesterol 7alpha-hydroxylase expression in human hepatocytes. J Lipid Res,2010,51(8):2223-2233.
[12] Desmet VJ.Ludwig symposium on biliary disorders-part I. Pathogenesis of ductal plate abnormalities. Mayo Clin Proc,1998,73(1):80-99.
[13] Tabibian JH,O'Hara SP,Splinter PL,et al. Cholangiocyte senescence by way of N-ras activation is a characteristic of primary sclerosing cholangitis. Hepatology,2014,59(6):2263-2275.
[14] Campisi J,d'Adda di Fagagna F. Cellular senescence:when bad things happen to good cells. Nat Rev Mol Cell Biol,2007,8(9):729-740.
[15] Harada K,Iwata M,Kono N,et al.Distribution of apoptotic cells and expression of apoptosis-related proteins along the intrahepatic biliary tree in normal and non-biliary diseased liver. Histopathology,2000,37(4):347-354.
[16] Bhathal PS,Gall JA.Deletion of hyperplastic biliary epithelial cells by apoptosis following removal of the proliferative stimulus. Liver,1985,5(6):311-325.
[17] Lazaridis KN,LaRusso NF. The cholangiopathies. Mayo Clin Proc,2015,90(6):791-800.
[18] Hirschfield GM,Liu X,Xu C,et al.Primary biliary cirrhosis associated with HLA,IL12A,and IL12RB2 variants. N Engl J Med,2009,360(24):2544-2555.
[19] Juran BD,Hirschfield GM,Invernizzi P,et al.Immunochip analyses identify a novel risk locus for primary biliary cirrhosis at 13q14,multiple independent associations at four established risk loci and epistasis between 1p31 and 7q32 risk variants. Hum Mol Genet,2012,21(23):5209-5221.
[20] Kar SP,Seldin MF,Chen W,et al.Pathway-based analysis of primary biliary cirrhosis genome-wide association studies. Genes Immun,2013,14(3):179-186.
[21] Ronca V,Carbone M,Bernuzzi F,et al.From pathogenesis to novel therapies in the treatment of primary biliary cholangitis. Expert Rev Clin Immunol,2017,13(12):1121-1131.
[22] Migliaccio C,Van de Water J,Ansari AA,et al. Heterogeneous response of antimitochondrial autoantibodies and bile duct apical staining monoclonal antibodies to pyruvate dehydrogenase complex E2:the molecule versus the mimic. Hepatology,2001,33(4):792-801.
[23] Van de Water J,Ansari A,Prindiville T,et al. Heterogeneity of autoreactive T cell clones specific for the E2 component of the pyruvate dehydrogenase complex in primary biliary cirrhosis. J Exp Med,1995,181(2):723-733.
[24] Shimoda S,Nakamura M,Ishibashi H,et al. HLA DRB40101-restricted immunodominant T cell autoepitope of pyruvate dehydrogenase complex in primary biliary cirrhosis:evidence of molecular mimicry in human autoimmune diseases. J Exp Med,1995,181(5):1835-1845.
[25] Kita H,Naidenko OV,Kronenberg M,et al.Quantitation and phenotypic analysis of natural killer T cells in primary biliary cirrhosis using a human CD1d tetramer. Gastroenterology,2002,123(4):1031-1043.
[26] Kita H,Naidenko OV,Kronenberg M,et al.Quantitation and phenotypic analysis of natural killer T cells in primary biliary cirrhosis using a human CD1d tetramer. Gastroenterology,2002,123(4):1031-1043.
[27] Czaja AJ,Carpenter HA,Santrach PJ,et al.Autoimmune cholangitis within the spectrum of autoimmune liver disease. Hepatology,2000,31(6):1231-1238.
[28] FeldmanM,FriedmanLS,BrandtLJ. Sleisenger and Fordtran's gastrointestinal and liver disease. 10th ed. Philadelphia:Saunder,2016:1512-1523.e1513.
[29] Campos S,Gomes D,Cipriano MA,et al.The clinical extremes of autoimmune cholangitis. Rev Esp Enferm Dig,2017,109(6):465-468.
[30] Chascsa DM,Lindor KD.Antimitochondrial antibody-negative primary biliary cholangitis:Is it really the same disease Clin Liver Dis,2018,22(3):589-601.
[31] Casali AM,Carbone G,Cavalli G.Intrahepatic bile duct loss in primary sclerosing cholangitis:a quantitative study. Histopathology,1998,32(5):449-453.
[32] Gidwaney NG,Pawa S,Das KM.Pathogenesis and clinical spectrum of primary sclerosing cholangitis. World J Gastroenterol,2017,23(14):2459-2469.
[33] Grant AJ,Lalor PF,Salmi M,et al.Homing of mucosal lymphocytes to the liver in the pathogenesis of hepatic complications of inflammatory bowel disease. Lancet,2002,359(9301):150-157.
[34] Farouj NE,Cadranel JF,Mofredj A,et al.Ductopenia related liver sarcoidosis. World J Hepatol,2011,3(6):170-174.
[35] Ferrara JL,Levine JE,Reddy P,et al.Graft-versus-host disease. Lancet,2009,373(9674):1550-1561.
[36] Alexander J,Chu W,Swanson PE,et al.The significance of plasma cell infiltrate in acute cellular rejection of liver allografts. Hum Pathol, 012,43(10):1645-1650.
[37] Ueno T,Hiwatashi S,Saka R,et al.Everolimus rescue treatment for chronic rejection after pediatric living donor liver transplantation: 2 case reports. Transplant Proc,2018,50(9):2872-2876.
[38] Choudhary NS,Saigal S,Bansal RK,et al.Acute and chronic rejection after liver transplantation:What a clinician needs to know. J Clin Exp Hepatol,2017,7(4):358-366. |
