Abstract: Objective The aim of this study was to investigate the modified endoscopic nosal biliary drainage (ENBD) through gallbladder approach in the treatment of patients with small-diameter common bile duct stones (CBDS). Methods A retrospective analysis was conducted, including 54 patients with small-diameter CBDS encountered in the hospital between December 2015 and June 2018 (control group) and other 54 cases presented between July 2018 and December 2020 (observation group). All patients underwent laparoscopic cholecystectomy (LC), followed by common bile duct exploration and ENBD, and the difference was the common nasal biliary drainage (NBD) was applied in the control and the modified NBD in the observation. Serum C-reactive protein (CRP), interleukin-6 (IL-6) and tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) levels were detected routinely. Results The postoperative drainage volume of bile and extubation time of nasobiliary ducts in the observation were (281.6±52.5)mL and (5.9±1.3)d, significantly greater or longer than [(228.7±53.2)mL and (4.0±1.4)d, respectively, P＜0.05], while the hospital stay was (6.1±1.1)d, significantly shorter than [(8.1±1.3)d, P＜0.05] in the control group; the incidences of post-operational complications, such as pancreatitis, bile leakage and slippage of nasobiliary ducts in the observation was 7.4%, significantly lower than 25.9%(P＜0.05) in the control; one week after operation, serum CRP, IL-6 and TNF-α levels in the observation were (42.8±11.1)mg/L, (3.2±0.8)ng/L and (1.0±0.8)ng/L, significantly lower than [(73.7±17.4)mg/L, (4.9±1.2)ng/L and (1.8±0.9)ng/L, respectively, P＜0.05] in the control group. Conclusion Compared with the ordinary NBD tube, the application of modified NBD tube could reduce the risk of slippage, improve the drainage of bile and shorten the postoperative recovery in patients with small-diameter CBDS.

Key words: Cholelithiasis, Laparoscopic cholecystectomy, Common bile duct exploration, Endoscopic nosal biliary drainage, Modified nasobiliary ducts, Therapy