Abstract: Objective To explore whether copy number variations （CNVs） of blood programmed cell death-l（PD-1） are associated with outcomes of hepatitis B virus（HBV） infection. Methods 300 convalescent individuals from HBV infection,437 patients with chronic hepatitis B（CHB）,249 patients with liver cirrhosis （LC） and 123 patients with hepatocellular carcinoma（HCC） were recruited in this study,and peripheral blood copy numbers of PD-1 gene were measured by using AccuCopy method. x² tests were used to evaluate the distribution differences of copy number variations（CNVs） of PD-1 in different clinical types of HBV infections. The Logistic regression analysis was used to analyze the independent risk factors for severe outcome of the disease. Results In 1109 samples,the variation range of PD-1 gene copy number was 1 to 3 copies. The haploid rates in convalescent individuals,patients with CHB,with LC and with HCC were 11.7%,9.6%,6.0% and 10.6%,respectively,and the polyploid rates in these four groups were 89.3%,90.4%,94% and 89.4%,demonstrating that there were significant differences between convalescent individuals and patient with LC,or between patient with HCC and with LC（P<0.05）;The Logistic analysis showed that the age and serum HBV DNA loads were the independent risk factors affecting the prognosis of the disease. Conclusions Our results indicate that the patient’s age and serum HBV DNA levels are the risk factors which might determine the prognosis of patients with HBV infection,while what roles the CNVs of PD-1 play in the pathogenesis of hepatitis B viral infection needs further observation.

Key words: Hepatitis B, Liver cirrhosis, Hepatoma, Programmed cell death-l, Copy number variations