Abstract: Objective To investigate the differences of drug resistance between Uygur and Han patients with chronic hepatitis B in Hetian prefecture,Xinjiang Uygur autonomous region. Methods 1218 Uygur and 70 Han patients with chronic hepatitis B（CHB） receiving lamivudine （LAM） and/or adefovir （ADV） between March 2015 and January 2016 were admitted to Infectious Disease Hospital,Hetian prefecture,Xinjiang Uygur autonomous region. The rt L180M, rtM204I/V,rtA181T/V and rtN236T mutation of HBV were detected by DNA microarray. Results The proportion of drug-resistant HBV infection in Han patients with CHB was 25.7%,much higher than 18.3% in Uygur patients（P=0.014）;the proportion of men and women in Uygur patients with CHB was 1019/199,while the proportion in Han patients with CHB was 57/13（P=0.087）;the ratio of Uygur men with resistance-positive HBV infection was significantly higher than in Han（P=0.039）;serum HBV DNA levels in Uygur patients with HBV mutation was [（5.3±0.9）lg copies/ml],much lower than in Han[（6.1±0.7） lg copies/ml,P=0.012];in Uygur patients with genotypic resistance,serum ALT level was （157.6±25.9） u/L,AST was （67.1±13.2） U/L and bilurubin was （41.8±11.6） μmol/L,much lower than in Han patients[（203.7±45.1） U/L,（85.9±22.7） U/L,（57.4±13.5） μmol/L，respectively，P<0.05 or P<0.01]；the average age in Uygur and Han patients were（37.9±10.8） yr and （38.8±12.1） yr，without significant difference （P>0.05）；serum HBeAg positive rates in Uygur and Han patients were 18.6% and 14.3%，without significant difference（P=0.061）；rtL180M，rtM204I，rtM204V，rtA180T，rtA180V and rtN236T mutation of LAM and/or ADV were detected positive in 241 Uygur and Han patients. The rtA1181T/V in positive rates in Uygur and Han patients were 18.4% and 16.7%，respectively，（P>0.05），while the rtA1181T/V in Uygur patients was higher than in Han patients（P<0.05）；the rtL180M，rtM204I/V，and rtN236T positive rates in Uygur and Han patients were 38.6% and 38.9%，27.4% and 27.8%，and 15.7% and 16.7%，respectively，without significant differences（P>0.05）. Conclusion Han patients with CHB have a higher proportion of drug-resistant，and Uygur male proportion is relatively higher in patients with viral mutation. Serum HBV DNA，ALT AST and bilirubin levels are higher in Han patients with CHB. There is a significant difference in rtA181T/V mutation between the two groups.

Key words: Chronic hepatitis B, Uygur, Han, Viral resistance