Abstract: Objective The aim of this study was to observe the antiviral efficacy and serum interferon-γ (IFN-γ) and interleukin-10 (IL)-10) level changes in patients with chronic hepatitis C (CHC) with genotype 1b infection. Methods 58 patients with CHC and genotype 1b infection were recruited in our hospital between May 2020 and February 2023, and the antiviral regimen by sorfosbuvir/daratavir was given in 30 patients in the observation group and by peginterferon α-2a and ribavirin combination was given in 28 patients in the control. The treatment lasted for 24 weeks in the two groups. Serum IFN-γ and IL-10 levels were measured by ELISA. Results At the end of the antiviral treatment, the white blood cell count, platelet count and hemoglobin concentration in the observation group were(5.5±1.2)×10⁹/L, (116.2±19.5)×10⁹/L and (121.5±19.7)g/L, all significantly higher than [(4.6±1.1)×10⁹/L, (94.0±18.5)×10⁹/L and (104.7±16.8)g/L, respectively, P<0.05] in the control; serum ALT and AST levels in the observation group were(36.0±5.0)U/L and (38.2±5.5)U/L, both significantly lower than [(47.5±5.8)U/L and (51.9±6.3) U/L, P<0.05] in the control; serum CRP and IL-10 levels in the observation group were (13.4±1.8) ng/L and (36.5±14.6)pg/mL, both significantly lower than [(16.7±2.2)ng/L and (64.0±28.2)pg/mL, P<0.05], while serum IFN-γ level was (19.2±2.0) pg/mL, significantly higher than [(10.4±2.2)pg/mL, P<0.05] in the control; the rapid virological response, early virological response, end-of-treatment response and sustained virological response in the observation group were 73.3%, 90.0%, 100.0% and 96.7%, all significantly higher than 42.8%, 53.6%, 71.4% and 60.7%(P<0.05) in the control group; at the end of four-week treatment, serum IFN-γ level in 46 responders was (23.5±4.7)pg/mL, much higher than [(8.5±1.7)pg/mL, P<0.05], while serum IL-10 level was (29.0±13.2)pg/mL, much lower than [(84.5±30.1)pg/mL, P<0.05] in twelve non-responders. Conclusion The application of sorfosbuvir and daratavir in the treatment of patients with genotype 1b CHC has a good efficacy, which might be be related to the inhibition of viral replication and the successful induction of antiviral immunization.

Key words: Hepatitis C, Sorfosbuvir/daratavir, Peginterferon α-2a, Cytokines, Therapy