Abstract: Objective To evaluate the efficacy and safety of tenofovir disoproxil fummte （TDF） monotherapy or in combination with entecavir（ETV） for relapsed chronic hepatitis B patients with nucleos（t）ide resistance. Methods Eleven chronic hepatitis B patients with nucleos（t）ide resistance were treated with TDF. Out of them, six patients were treated with TDF monotherapy and five patients were treated with TDF in combination with ETV. The serum HBV DNA,ALT and serum creatinine（Cr） levels were detected at weeks 4,12,24,36 and 48 since the rescue treatment started. Cumulative probability of serum HBV DNA undetectable rate during the treatment period was calculated by using the Kaplan-Meier method. Results All patients at presentation had nucleos（t）ide resistance mutations,including one patient with ADV-related mutations,seven patients with LAM/ETV-resistant mutations,and three patients with LAM/ETV/ADA-resistant mutations;After rescue therapy,serum HBV DNA level decreased from（4.82± 1.29） lg IU/mL at onset to（3.57± 0.55） lg IU/mL and to （2.91± 0.37） lg IU/mL at 4 and 12 weeks,respectively;At 48 weeks of rescue treatment,serum HBV DNA was detectable in only one of 11 patients;Serum HBV DNA became undetectable in 36.4%（4/11）,63.6%（7/11）,81.8%（9/11） and 90.9% （10/11） of patients at 4,12,24 and 36 weeks of rescue treatment, respectively;Serum ALT levels decreased from（64.36± 34.55） U/L at onset to（37.7± 24.49） U/L at the end of follow-up;There were no renal dysfunction or other adverse events observed during treatment. Conclusion TDF monotherapy or in combination with ETV is effective in reducing serum HBV DNA levels and is safe for CHB patients with nucleos（t）ide resistance.

Key words: Chronic hepatitis B, Nucleos（t）ide resistance, Tenofovir, Rescue therapy