Abstract: Objective The aim of this study was to investigate clinical implications of serum chemokine ligand 10 (CXCL10), interleukin 17A (IL-17A) and cluster of differentiation 38 (CD38) in patients with autoimmune hepatitis (AIH). Methods 62 patients with AIH were admitted to our hospital between January 2022 and October 2024, and were divided into mild (n=42)and moderate-to-severe group (n=20) based on clinical classification by Chinese guidelines. Serum CXCL10, IL-17A and CD38 levels were assayed by ELISA, multivariate Logistic regression was analyzed and receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves were applied to assess the predictive efficacy of above indicators for the severity of AIH. Results Serum CXCL10, IL-17A and CD38 levels in patients with moderate-to-severe degree of the ailment were (120.8±26.4)pg/mL, (759.8±162.4)ng/L and (18.7±4.1)pg/mL, all significantly higher than [(77.5±18.6)pg/mL, (556.2±124.8)ng/L and (12.1±3.3)pg/mL, respectively, P＜0.05] in mild patients; multivariate Logistic regression analysis showed that serum CXCL10(OR=0.877, 95%CI:0.803-0.959), IL-17A(OR=0.978, 95%CI:0.963-0.993) and CD38(OR=0.478, 95%CI:0.318-0.720) were all the independent risk factors for severe disease in the setting (P＜0.05); ROC analysis demonstrated that the AUCs were 0.926(95%CI:0.803-0.959), 0.831(95%CI:0.762-0.887) and 0.902(95%CI:0.843-0.944) by serum CXCL10, IL-17A and CD38 levels, respectively, in predicting severe ailment, all but serum CXCL10 level superior, with sensitivity of 87.2% and specificity of 81.4%(P＜0.05). Conclusion Serum CXCL10, IL-17A and CD38 levels elevate in patients with AIH, which might hint severe disease, and needs further clinical investigation.

Key words: Autoimmune hepatitis, Chemokine ligand 10, Interleukin-17A, Cluster of differentiation 38, Diagnosis