Abstract: Objective The purpose of this study was to investigate the short-term efficacy of high intensity focused ultrasound (HIFU) with auxiliary artificial plethorax (AAP) in the treatment of children with unresectable hepatoblastoma (HB). Methods 48 children with unresectable HB were admitted to our hospital between June 2018 and June 2020, and the children were randomly divided into control and observation group, with 24 cases in each, receiving HIFU or HIFU with AAP therapy. All patients were followed-up for 12 weeks. Serum immunoglobulin M (IgM), IgG and IgA were detected by immunoturbidimetry, and serum complement C3 and C4 levels were detected by scattering turbidimetry. Results At the end of 12 weeks of treatment, the effective rate in the observation group was 87.5%, significantly higher than 62.5% in the control group (P<0.05); serum ALT, AST and AFP levels in the observation group were(72.6±26.1)U/L, (61.0±30.3)U/L and(43.1±5.3)μg/L, significantly lower than [(117.5±30.2)U/L, (116.6±37.8)U/L and (155.2±6.1)μg/L, respectively, P＜0.05], while hemoglobin level was (96.4±26.1)g/L, significantly higher than [(90.7±23.6)g/L, P＜0.05] in the control; there were no significant differences respect of serum IgM, IgG, IgA, complement C3 and C4 levels between the two groups (P＞0.05); during the treatment, the incidences of complications, such as fever, skin burning, ascites and traumatic wet lung in the observation group was 4.2%, significantly lower than 29.2%(P＜0.05) in the control. Conclusion The HIFU with AAP in the treatment of children with unresectable HB is short-termly efficacious, which could effectively reduce the incidence of complications, and worthy of clinical verification.

Key words: Hepatoblastoma, High intensity focused ultrasound, Artificial plethorax, Therapy, Children